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Basic Materials - Construction Materials - NYSE - IE
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$ 15.6 B
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EARNINGS CALL TRANSCRIPT
EARNINGS CALL TRANSCRIPT 2015 - Q4
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Executives

Louis Gries - Chief Executive Officer Matthew Marsh - Chief Financial Officer.

Analysts

Andrew Peros - Credit Suisse Michael Ward - Commonwealth Bank of Australia Andrew Johnston - CLSA Simon Thackray - Citi Jason Steed - JP Morgan Matthew McNee - Goldman Sachs James Rutledge - Morgan Stanley David Leitch - UBS Tim Binsted - The Australian Financial Review.

Louis Gries

We get started here. I’ll just do a quick overview at our business and then I’ll cover most of the details. I think most of you have seen the result came in very consistent to what we’ve had in other quarters. So the year has been a very consisting year for us.

Growth rates have been about the same right through the year and our bottom lines were good right through the year. So just I’ll go through Slide number Six here, so like I said 9% and 11% for the quarter and full year.

Operating profit was better in the fourth quarter and we’ll talk a little bit about the bottom line improvement we got in the fourth quarter relative to what we’d had in first three quarter. We announced our dividend today. We’ve had higher volumes in selling price across the business.

Basically the theme is everything is working well, so that’s price across volume right through all the businesses. We are growing faster in market index. In the U.S. we’d like to be where actually we’re working now on getting it up two or three point from where it’s been in the last eight quarters or so, but we are growing above the market index.

Even margin as you can see fell right in the middle of our 20 to 25 range and we’re offsetting capacity. So we started up Carole Park recently, so we’re good on Australian capacity and we’ve got Cleburne and Plant City ready to go in the U.S., so we’re good there as well.

These are showing the numbers for the quarter, 41% improvement on EBIT versus the 20% for the year. Obviously the effect on the EBIT margin, operating profit 26% and 12%, so again the quarter and bottom line was stronger than the other three quarter.

The reduction in net operating cash flow was due to basically two big things, one the largest versus our AICF payment remained last year and change of working capital where our working capital went up this year as well. Yeah, so that the U.S.

again quarter and full year look very similar 13 up on a net sales, 9 up on volume for both quarter full year, average prices up a hair more in a full year than it was the quarter, again the EBIT line quite different.

And what’s driving that and improving on the EBIT line is really two things; we have efficiencies better right through the business, but in manufacturing, we’re getting a pretty good kick. So sites are running better and pretty much across the board in the U.S.

And in this quarter, we start get some help and things that are being going again, so pulp was a little bit, freight was down, energy was down, so that gave us obviously extra EBIT dollars. This is our chart which I know you guys on a regular basis.

We know have the quarters right in rage, fiscal year ‘14 we kind of came in at year to bottom range, this year we’re right in the middle of our range. I think as we continue through the recovery in the U.S., you’ll see us now start operating top at a range.

This is showing you three things, volume for Hardie, the revenue for Hardie and then housing starts, addressable housing starts in the U.S. You can see the line for revenue is quite good relative to the housing starts.

Now housing starts are still less than half of our demand for our products, repair and remodels do a more than demand than housing starts. The index R&R was about 4%. So we did run above our market index when you combined it two on both volume and revenue but a little bit are on our revenue than volume.

And as to this chart, as you know, we kind of lost our way in ‘12 and ‘13 and lost a little bit of price in the business. Certainly I’ve corrected that and ‘15 was a strong year without any big market increases.

So from that 626 to 675, you got product mix, but the biggest contributor whereas we fixed up our tactical pricing where we now get our right pricing into right segments and we had lost that in ‘12 and ‘13. Now we’ve had some small market increases as well.

Asia-Pac like the U.S., running very well and very consistently, if you just jumped at our bottom line, EBIT market running here above where we run in the U.S., so that’s good result. We also saw the head in our market index. Now their market index, keep in mind they are much more penetrated in detached housing and they are in medium density.

So a lot of the increase in the market has been in a medium density segment that doesn’t really drive our business result much. There is one of challenges for the Australian business is trying to get a better position with medium density because we would see that has been a more of a longer term trend in the country.

But having said a lot, we’re in good shape, good volume growth 9% for the year, a little bit less in the quarter, that’s no big deal and pricing a little better in the quarter, reflecting recent price change. EBIT dollars in Australian dollar is very strong, so a very good result there.

I’d really comment we started up the Carole Park capacity which is good because we’re actually starting to get tied on capacity. If you look at what we used to have in the business overtime investment seems to be working out pretty much perfect for us.

As weakening capacity, we spent a lot of money, so that’s really one of the unusual things in our results for this year is how much money we spent on CapEx and most of that was capacity driven and was really just putting the capacity and ahead of demand. Obviously we have demand projections for pretty much all the businesses we have.

Plant City, we spent just short of 50 million; Cleburne just showed a 25; Carole Park 36; Tacoma, we bought some land to put a future site next to our current site and that was let’s say, 28 million. And then we did the same thing in Rosehill, we bought the land, so you don’t have lease on that facility anymore.

So 173 of that I think 275 of so was straight capacity place. I’ll hand it over to Matt..

Matthew Marsh

Good morning.

So a summary of the Group results as Louis already talked about earnings were really effected by good volumes, average selling price in both segments, those partially offset by some input cost mainly market related, raw materials, partially offset by some improvements in our plants particularly in the last nine months of the year between than they do in the first quarter.

And then we continued to invest in the organization and that both in capability and in growth and that resulted in higher organizational spend in dollar. As a percent of share, it’s actually down a little bit. Net operating cash flow is about 180 million for the full year that was compared to 322.

We’ll go through in a little bit, that’s primarily as Louis said the AICF payment we made last July, some working capital year-on-year. So we’ll go through that. We had about 276 million last year in capital expenditures, those basically in line with where we had guided.

Throughout the year, almost 180 of that was CapEx related and the remaining balance was maintenance CapEx if you will. We now total - announced dividends of 120 for the second half and 98 for the special for the year.

Okay, so for the fourth quarter, we’ll just walk down the pace of the P&L on a reported basis for both fourth quarter and full year and then on adjusted basis. So net sales up 9, you can see gross margins - profit margins.

I’ll show you another chart in a minute on those, up about almost 400 basis points, 380 basis point really a combination of volume and scale on the plants, plant performance, average net selling price and then offset by input cost that we talked about.

SG&A spend up primarily on labor cost a little bit of discretionary year-over-year as we continued to invest in growth programs. And then foreign exchange, we had about 3 million of foreign exchange and SG&A for the year for translation.

And then non-operating interest expenses were up really related to our debt position, we would expect on a year-on-year basis those will continue to rise until we get the full year of the higher level debt reflected in our interest expense.

And then income tax benefits decreased primarily because of the unfavorable asbestos adjustment year-on-year compared to the prior quarter. We’ll go through the quarter going from net operating profit of 20.77 to the adjusted number of 57.3 for the quarter.

So asbestos adjustments, there was a 111 million unfavorable movement in the underlying actuarial evaluation which will go through, that was offset by about 48 million of foreign exchange as the Aussie dollar moved about 7% down compared to about 3% up in the prior corresponding period.

New Zealand weather tightness continues to trend in the right direction both favorable claim settlements and high rate of claim resolution and then not many new claims. You’ll see on the New Zealand - on the chart we’ll get to in a minute that liability is really declined to a pretty small amount.

On an adjusted net operating profit basis of 57.3, so it’s about 26%, that’s driven really by about 40% growth in EBIT in the operating segments and increase an adjusted income tax expense of almost 6 million U.S. and then other expenses of about 2 and gross interest of about 4. I’ll get you the 57.3.

For the full year, net sales up a 11, gross profit margins up about 100 basis points. I’d sales and gross profits for the year were very consistent dynamics as we’ve talked about the last couple of quarters. SG&A expenses on a dollar basis are up, they are down slightly on a percent of sales basis 14.8% for fiscal, down from about 15%.

Interest before so well up 9% on a dollar basis, up less than both gross profit and net sales that impart helps with the EBIT and the net operating profit leverage, that you see reflected.

And then some of the items that are affecting net operating profit obviously interest expense that I’ve already mentioned with some unrealized FX and interest rate swaps as interest rate stay much lower than any of our quarter projected and then income tax year-over-year.

For the full year, 291 of reported net operating project on an adjusted basis of 221, so the largest item affecting that result is asbestos adjustments and 145 million of favorable exchange rates help to offset about 111 million of underlying adjustments in the actuarial valuation.

Again New Zealand weather tightness for the year about $4 million versus almost $2 million expense in the prior year. In a non-recurring [Technical Difficulty] related to continued ongoing simplification level and then adjusted net operating profit of 221 up 12% for the year. You’ll see the segment EBIT in a moment is up about 20% for the year.

Tax increased about ‘15 that was largely related to the ATO settlement on the RCI matter with some interest expense that got reflected there, so that there was a non-recurring benefit in fiscal ‘14 and then same dynamics on other expense interest rate swaps and foreign exchange. Gross profits for the Group, we ended 37.1% gross profit rate.

Pretty similar dynamics, price moved in the right direction, plans performing well. Input costs for the first half of the year were working against us and they’ve started to trend more favorably both market rates and our performance versus the market.

You can see input costs have started to trend that down over the last several quarter, which is a positive outcome that generally higher versus last year but on the right trend. Price of pulp reached at the peak about half way through and trend back down to below $1,000.

Cost of gas and electric for industrial users increases those are also starting to trend back. Okay, so the segments, again the quarter and the full year, the quarter begin the grey bar and the full year being the blue. So for the full year, you can see volume was up 9 in the U.S.

price up 4, sales up 13, gross profit up 17 which get you to the EBIT result of up 22.4 for margin. Asia Pacific as Louis already talked about, volume up 9, price up for the year about 1, EBIT margins of 23.6 that get you to the 89.8. And local currency EBIT in Asia Pacific is up about 22 for the quarter and 15 for the full year.

So again both businesses for the quarter and the full year performing or we wanted them to perform. No real significant change in research and development, it continues to be within kind of that historical range of about 2% to 3% of sales.

You see some of the quarterly and annual fluctuations, it’s continues to just be the results of when projects come online and offline. So we fund all good projects that we think we’ll get good returns are either on strategy and R&D continues to kind of be within the ban that we want to keep it in.

General corporate costs 15 to 14 relatively flat, compensation up a bit as we continued to build. We built some of the organizational capability.

I mentioned foreign exchange, you see an increase from 13, a lot of that is FX 14 to 13, it’s about 5 million of that jump is foreign exchange, 2 of it is stock comp and then the other 5 to 7 is organizational build either through headcount or growth programs, but then relatively consistent 14 to 15.

Chart that we show just about the result, changes in the Australian dollar and U.S. dollar, obviously the Aussie dollar weakened, U.S. strengthened. We had an unfavorable impact in U.S. dollars on Asian Pacific on our reported results.

It’s got a favorable impact on corporate cost in Australian dollar and favorable impact on asbestos liability all of those which you see reflected in the results. Income tax ETR of 23.7 rate, about where we had projected it to be, so no real surprise there.

Adjusted income tax expense increased due to a just a higher rate of earnings and higher rate tax rate jurisdictions. Income taxes, we continued to pay them in Ireland, the U.S., Canada, New Zealand, the Philippines and we’re not paying income taxes in Australia due to the asbestos reduction, so that will continue.

Cash flow, so net income increased about $190 million. You see the real changes were in the annual payment was made last July of 113 and there was no payment in fiscal ‘14 because we made the early payment in fiscal ‘13. And then working capital, working capital was really a combination of accounts payable and inventory.

We did some inventory planned inventory build that was associated with the Fontana startup. And then you’ll see finished goods is up about 13%, mostly in lined with seasonal expectations as we just build in the winter to get ready for the spring and the summer. So it’s pretty consistent with what we thought would be.

The capital expenditures of 277.9, that’s basically the CapEx we’ve showed you already with a little bit of capitalized interest as well as about 1.7 million. And then we ended the year with about 297 in gross debt and I’ll take you thorough that in a moment. So here is a breakdown of the 276 of CapEx excluding the capitalized interest.

You can see about 37% of it was maintenance CapEx, about 24% was land and buildings, that’s primarily the two sites, the Tacoma the adjacent peace land adjacent to our current property through future Greenfield and then converting the lease land that are Rosehill plant here in just outside Sidney. We had leased and we purchased it.

And then about 39% of - sorry, about 24% of - I think I have to say my numbers, 24% of that’s land and building, 39% of it is capacity and 37% is maintenance, so about $100 million of maintenance CapEx in the year. We’re very consistent with the last few results. We’ll continue to trade a slide on how we’re thinking about managing the balance sheet.

It obviously starts with good margins and good cash flows and those continue. Strong governance and transparency are important. I think at the November result, I mentioned our intentions to be more active on a share buyback program. And we knew at that time that we’re going to be in market with the issuance of our bond.

And we really didn’t - we thought there was market sensitive information. And the markets in December and January were fairly volatile in the bond market. And as a result we delayed the issuance of that bond until February. And it just didn’t feel like the appropriate time to be purchasing and being active on the share buyback.

So by the time we finish the bond, we only had about a four-five week window for the year and want to do share buyback activity and that really wasn’t going to allow us and window to do any material amount of share repurchase.

So that’s really the reason that I said or signaled with you that we’d be going more down the share buyback and we didn’t had a lot more to do within a first time issuer in the bond market and wanted to oversee from a government standpoint the right way. We should expect - today we did the special dividend.

We should expect though starting for fiscal ‘16 is a strong preference to our share buyback. We’ll continue with the ordinary dividend within the ordinary dividend payout range of 50% to 70%, so there won’t be any change there. But we do think that it’s a little bit clear and a little bit more transparent if we’re active doing share buybacks.

Obviously we’ve got our own financial management policies and so we would put us out in appropriate market price. But that aside, we wouldn’t expect to do both the share buyback and special dividend going forward, so that’s our bias. From a capital allocation standpoint, no real change, we’re going to continue to prioritize high return organic growth.

First, maintaining the ordinary dividend and then follow that accretive and strategic and organic. We want to have enough liquidity and we want to have financial management program in place that allowed us to where there are uncertainty and market volatility. And then we’ll continue to consider additional returns either in special or share buyback.

But like I said for fiscal ‘16 and fore addition, really expect to more towards share buybacks. From a liquidity standpoint, the balance sheet is in very good shape. We’ve got about $70 million of cash, almost $600 million of bank debt facilities. We’ve got the eight year $325 million unsecured note which helps on the maturity side at a good rate.

And we’ve got about 64% of liquidity at the end of March. So the balance sheet continues to be in good shape. We had net debt of about 331 million at the end of ‘15 that was obviously compared to net cash of 167 million or so at the end of ‘14. We did do to bond last year.

We have a net debt within our target range of one to two times EBITDA minus the excluding asbestos and we would expect to maintain that range. We’re very comfortable there and you just see our actions will be consistent with that. And we’re getting compliance with all of our debt covenants.

Quickly on New Zealand weather tightness, continues to trend very positively. You can see the weather tightness moved from an expense of 1.8 million or benefit of 4.3. You can see that the provision now is down below 5 million and has really moved out of but we will consider material liability.

So overall favorable claims, fewer open claims, higher claim rate resolutions, no new claims, is all helping to drive that provision down. On asbestos, the actuarial report was completed for the terms of the AFFA as of the end of March.

The undiscounted and inflated central estimate increased to about 1.566 billion and that was up from a 1.547 billion, so just a little bit year-on-year. There is some underlying dynamics that we’re going to talk about. First, we did do the contribution last year of about a 113 million.

Since the fund was established in 2007, our total contributions are an excess of 718 million Australian dollars. And then we expect this year to make a further contribution on July 1st of about 62.8 U.S. and that’s obviously will be paid in Australian dollar subject to foreign exchange rates at that time.

And the 62.8 is obviously 35% of our operating cash flow per the terms of the AFFA. So the change in the estimate, the net present values now about 2.143 million that’s increase from about a 1.8 billion Aussie at the end of fiscal ‘14.

The 273 was really a few different factors, about $200 million increase due to lower discount rates across the board in the Australian Commonwealth Bond yields move down on all maturity in terms late last year through March. And that was really the largest change in the liability year-over-year.

Claims reporting for meso still be up about 11% higher versus - in fiscal ‘14 versus the prior year and a 11% higher than the actuarial estimate from March 2014. The other disease types were broadly in line with the actuarial expectations.

Average claim settlement sizes were lower than the actuarial estimate, that’s a positive dynamic and large meso claims were lower, which is also a positive dynamic. So the way that I think about the actual, the asbestos liability the share is net present value increased largely because of the bond yield.

Actuarial, the actuarial change was about 70 million - $68 million. There was a combination of a negative trend on number of claims but positive trends on large claim settlement rates and nil settlement rates kind of all positive dynamics to help offset the negative dynamics on the number of claims.

This is a chart we’ve used historically to show kind of where the range of sensitivities are in the liability. As you’d expect overtime both the orange bar which shows the higher end of that range and the lower end of that range continues to both tighten and come down as you would expect.

The undiscounted central estimate which is the orange line and the discounted central estimate which is the blue line obviously overtime will continue to come together as well. So they are broadly moving in a direction that we would think.

The high end of the range is just over about 5 billion Australian with a low end of the range of about 2 billion Australian. The - a lot this we’ve already touched on. So claims received during the full year were about 9% in total and higher than both the prior year and the actuarial estimate, they were higher reported number mesothelioma claims.

The trend that we saw in fiscal ‘14 continued throughout fiscal ‘15. I think it’s worth noting that the national trend of mesothelioma claims throughout Australia aren’t showing that same trend, so it appears though AICF is receiving a disproportionate number of claims in comparison to the nation trend.

The average claim settlement, it’s flat for the year and actual dollars paid in compensation was about 4% up versus the actuarial. Getting into fiscal ‘16, we thought it would be helpful to provide some of our planning assumptions. Obviously we’ll provide full guidance for the year and August.

So fiscal year ‘16 addressable markets, we’re going to be broadly in line with the fiscal year ‘15 market and their growth rates. We do expect some improvement in the U.S. new construction market in particular the last year the new construction turned out to be up 1% of so. We do think we’ll have some improvement in that market this year.

We use McGraw-Hill and the DAJ residential new construction starts as our source information. Their forecasting starts to be between 1.1 million and 1.2 million this year, that’s about a million starts last year, so those kind of underpin. Our planning assumptions, repair remodel was good last year, was kind of in the 3%-4% range.

We’d expect it to repeat that this year. Input cost should broadly be flat in fiscal year ‘16. We don’t expect a major inflationary of deflationary affect there. Average sales prices will be up 2% to 3% slightly less than what we see in fiscal ‘15 but still up.

Segment EBIT will continue to try to manage those within the range of 20%-25% balancing both growth and returns. Asia Pacific, those businesses, they are going to continue to deliver improved results broadly in line with the market condition in which the business is operating.

And you should expect the balance sheet stays within the one to two time debt-to-EBITDA range less asbestos. And there is a corresponding amount of interest expense for the full year ‘16. So just to wrap up, Group net sales were up 9% and 11% for the quarter in the full year versus a year ago.

Net operating profit was up 26% for the quarter and 12% for the full year and then good overall position of financial management in the company and disciplined capital allocation. We’re continuing to invest both in organic capacity expansion and shareholder returns. So that will open up to questions..

Q - Unidentified Analyst

Thanks everyone and thanks very much, Louis and Matt and just a couple of questions. So may just firstly on the margin in Q4. I think in information, you indicated about 2.6 percentage points came from pricing.

I am just wondering if you can break that down a little bit for us because obviously there was about 3% price increase that you guys took March 1, how of that is market price increase and how much is mix, because obviously March 1 was only one month in the quarter, so probably wasn’t all that? And then just looking at the 2% to 3% expectation for pricing in FY ‘16, I am wondering if you can sort of overlay something around how you are going in terms of gaining share against PDG?.

Louis Gries

Okay. As far as the pricing, I mean not a large change in the business over the last couple of year. So we’ve got the improvements in tactical pricing which are basically I think behind us so that is one thing that kind of almost run its course probably pretty close to fully run its course. So then you left with mix and market price.

We haven’t taken anything into your product line and then on the exterior product line, we took a small increase March 1st so some of that would be in this result how much I am sure. But I think where you probably going to see going into ‘16 is maybe third of increase be in mix and two thirds be in the market price we took.

So if it falls around three, obviously year-over-year segment makes us geographic mixes and all that, but we don’t worry about that too much, they pay even out overtime.

As far as market share in LP, if you look at quarter-to-quarter, it’s pretty confusing but if you look at full year, full quarter rolling, we are basically in the same area as far as market share growth or volume growth whatever you want to call.

We have different market indexes, but I am not sure whose market index is necessarily higher at this time. We don’t get information on their OEM business which is a shed. So they are working new construction sheds, they work more trend Trim we work more blanks, they work more Trim. So the market indexes are bit different.

The reality is we’re coming up with a very similar result when you are even at not over four quarters. How long that continues that way I just can’t predict. The other thing is we can’t add much inside into the result.

There are certain things that we don’t get in their business, we just don’t understand they are well enough as far as raw material shortage is and the inventory rundown. So the stuff of that we just don’t get that stuff. So I think we are going to ask you to do as you guys track LP and you track Hardie and then you guys decide.

So we’re not going to give you a lot of interpretation of their results because quite honest, I don’t think we’re that expert at. Now we do have our kind of Phase 2 kind of game plan in place. Obviously everyone knows the kind of reemerging of OSB or board siding as gross product in the U.S.

caught us by surprise, so most of our strategies were setup truly against by now. About probably two and a half, three years ago, we put our Phase 1 game plans in place. I think that even now the share gains between the two categories meeting the OSB and the fiber cement and then more recently put at Phase 2.

We like our game plans but we can’t guarantee exactly where they going to end up but we are raising our expectations in a business for primary demand this year. As you can see, we’ve been in rage for eight quarters.

On the EBIT margin, I think we are in good shape on investment, so we are like in the capital efficiencies, we are getting out of our recent additions in the U.S. even though they are not started, they are going to be very efficient capacity when we bring them on. So I think we’re in a position now and the business really running well.

There is very a few kind of gaps and what’s happening every day, what we’re trying to make happen every day. So we are definitely shifting more of our management attention to how do we accelerate the top line growth and less of our attention on how do we use capacity in place and how do we get the bottom line efficiencies. We are looking forward.

We’ve done more of that over the last two years and we’re going to do in the next two years, because I think we’re in that position where we can..

Unidentified Analyst

And what do you think your PDG was in FY ‘15?.

Louis Gries

I think it came in between 7 and 8 and we’d looking for 8 to 10, 9 to 11 something like that. Now I do need to tell you, usually when before in the quarter I gave you kind of an indication of where we are kind of right now, what are order file. And usually we are either right where we think we should be a little bit ahead.

And this time we’re a little bit behind where we think we should be. Now I want you to know I don’t think there is any place for that business to go, so I think it’s kind of a just a market thing as far as our price increase, the spring build, where the dealers think the markets going to come out.

So I think our volume comp in the first quarter will be relatively weak, that super weak, I don’t think but relatively weak. I think it won’t be reflective in our bottom line. I think our bottom lines be in really driven now by the fact that the price is very consistent and the cost if come to a lower level on the business.

So I think our bottom line doesn’t rely as much on volume as it did six or eight quarters ago, but for the full year, I am looking for it’d nice if we get the 10% PDG, that’s what our aim for. And we set most of programs in the business to accomplish that and we just see if we can do it..

Unidentified Analyst

Okay, thank you..

Andrew Peros

Good morning. Andrew Peros, Credit Suisse. Louis, can you just talk about your volume growth in terms of exteriors and interiors.

I think in the past you had a bit of an issue with interior kind of business, so if you could give us some feel for how that’s going, that would be great?.

Louis Gries

Yeah, now we’ve - we did have a kind of market share problem developing in the interiors business where we are experience decline in market share, probably lasted eight quarter or so. And I hate to admit it but which just probably management attention more than anything.

So since we’ve - within those programs, we are back in positive growth with interiors. I am not sure in the market share growth for interiors right now is much as I am sure because I can measure it exactly that were comp and better than last year in interiors. I think we are pretty - coming pretty close to market share growth in interiors.

There is not lot upside. I think most of you know on cement, Backer boards in U.S. we’re already over 40 and there is a lot of the participants in the field. So there is not upside like there is on the 35.90 on exterior side, but we are back in positive growth.

Now having said that exteriors run a way harder than interior, so most of the use 25% is our estimate of interiors revenue, so if you figure, most of that’s growing - most of the 25s or the 25s growing very solid and the 75 is growing a lot like quicker than the nine. So and that’s how we measure PDG.

PDG is an exterior calculation that doesn’t include interiors..

Michael Ward

I am Michael Ward from CBA.

And I am just - you are selling Cleburne, can you just sort of talk through, I mean you are always pretty sacred about your assets, so I was wondering how you think you are selling into and what you are actually selling?.

Louis Gries

You know, I wish I could tell you I have no idea. It’s a vacant facility, so….

Michael Ward

So, no assets in the shed?.

Louis Gries

We got it, we got it, yes. So just for some of you that haven’t been following the company for a long time back I think it was in - in fact that was in 2001, we bought two plants from Etex Corporation, they had exited the U.S., we bought their Cleburne facility in Summerville, South Carolina facility.

They are taking all these little bit different than ours. We definitely made a mistake in Cleburne we should get it like we did the Temple facility we bought in Waxahachie input our large stuff in and basically stuck which is the infrastructure, you can get raw material power supplies, basic water in that.

But we tried to do - we tried to modify their machines to kind of make a more for Hardie products and Hardie throughput type cost or unit cost and we fought it for a long time, we didn’t get there. Okay, in the Summerville facility, we did the same thing and we kind of got there, so their older plan, we didn’t get their renewal plan, we did.

Now when we went into the downturn, those two plans were both multiple the long with Fontana just because we going out have more embedded network bringing those three plants out.

I think it was around two year ago, we decided Cleburne is worthily investment, so it’s actually been on the market as just industrial plant for that period of time and I am not sure we bought it, but there won’t be any of our equipment on it. Summerville while we start, so that’s kind of our next capacity play in the U.S.

Once we started utilizing Plant City, new capacity Cleburne, new capacity and see further enable start Summerville..

Michael Ward

And just in terms of Fontana, you both Hardie you sort of mentioned that there were some costs in this period associated with that, when - you expect that to start contributing positively from ‘16 or - and to its full potential in ‘16 or does it take a little bit longer than that?.

Louis Gries

I think it depends on market demand. The West Coast, the way the market demand setup right now, the West Coast plants are having a compete with Texas plants for certain markets and certain products. And so Texas is super low cost relative to the West Coast plants.

So as we get generally more demand, Texas become in again and I mean shipping rate is down and then West Coast brands will come up and that’s when Fontana plays a more important role for it. Just what everyone knows, we always had kind of importers in the Texas.

We’ve got it straight now through increase throughputs in Texas and we also have more capacity coming on in the Texas. So Texas is probably over in next two, three years will be an exporter where the last not so much this year but previous years there been an import of product. So it’s more of a full network thing than Fontana thing.

So Fontana ready to go, it’s running reliably when we run it and it will run more as we generate more demand overall in the business..

Michael Ward

Okay.

And just one last question around the CapEx, you mentioned Australian business was around the 100 versus depreciation sort of 70, do you expect it’s remind that elevated level above depreciation or should we expect that will come back over the next couple of years?.

Matthew Marsh

Yeah, we had - a year ago we had said that we expected to spend about 250 per annum over three years and we’re still on that track. Last year we spend a little bit more, this year I think we’ll spend somewhere 75 to 100 and then we’ll go back to 200 to 250 number probably in fiscal ‘17.

But you know I think maintenance CapEx broadly in line with depreciations probably a fair assumption and maybe a little higher in fiscal ‘16 just with the way the timing of some of the programs works, but and it just depend on where some of the additional capacity project are..

Louis Gries

So just a final another capacity, I just - there’s been a bit of a shift, now we think about our capacity. And our plants - our plants are going to continue you get bigger.

So some of obviously that’s the money we spend directly on capacity and existing facilities goes to capacity CapEx but a lot of times as you bring more product lines in and you bring any scale of the plants, you get other cost and that doesn’t always fall just directly in capacity.

So we do have Greenfield plants for the Northwest and Mid-South but as you can see we may even get through another three years it is recovery just using Brownfield capacity that’s which is superefficient capacity..

Andrew Johnston

Andrew Johnston, CLSA. I have couple of questions.

First up on the actual result for 4Q, you indicated that there may be some throughputs that lead the 3Q result, you indicated this in throughput, so how much of that is impacting this result?.

Louis Gries

Yeah, it’s kind of tough call, so I said your order files kind of weak today relative to what our forecast for would be, but we’re still going to be up on last year. But I’d say maybe there is point two there, a point or two there or maybe not.

So do I think we only grew at 7% last quarter, we had a pretty good quarter for our year-end volume, maybe we are on growth at 7 and maybe two is coming out in this quarter.

So it’s like that range, one or two, it’s not like - it’s not like our turn of volume where it’s going to - the results going to look really weird quarter-to-quarter, it’s going to be fine..

Andrew Johnston

And just looking at how strong that margin was the U.S. business.

It looks like you going to have to start spending a lot of money to try and keep that margin below 25% given 4Qs generally a bit weak, is there suppose first of all, was there something there in that might that margin sort of look so good compared to previous 4Qs? And then second and then the way that - what sort of things you are going to be doing to drive PDG?.

Louis Gries

Okay, so the EBIT margin, you know like I said, we are fighting the headwind and input cost for a lot of quarters and then it start to kind of settle down in the third quarter and it kind reversed itself in the fourth quarter, so we had lower freight, lower far below energy. Now we don’t micromanage our spending to that degree.

So if those things continue to get kind of cheaper, it will show up on our bottom line, we won’t say, key pulp cost are down $100, so let’s go spend that money. So the trick for us is they have the money to spend because we are trying to balance these things. The answer is yes. And then how much of it can you spend well.

And that’s probably driven by kind of do you have an issue in the business that’s kind of a three year, five year, seven year and which of those you want to fund and how do you get it going. And then do you have the management to kind of have do that if you done if upfront work to get on the flat of that curve.

So we figured out our spending for this year, so my point on EBIT margin would be, we know what we’re going to spend, we know what we’re going to fund in the business. So if input cost is low or plants are really well and keep in mind if we start up any new capacity this year will probably be toward the end of the year.

So you could have a very, very good run on unit cost if these input costs are trending the way they or keep trending the way they started say four, five months ago. And if that brings us over 25, it brings us over 25, so we’re not going to go out and buy advertising or anything to kind of do that.

So I think I said in my opening remarks, I think the way the business is running, we’re probably more toward the top rage now and then the fluctuation of the top at a range may or over a range quarter-to-quarter, you probably wanted to see quarters drop a lot of range or that.

So as far as what we’re funding, we definitely are very interested in increasing our penetration in the Midwest markets and that has some product stuff some field resources, some management, some when I say product stuff and then had some program as well.

So it’s a pretty big program and we’ve actually kind of put, its significant end enough that we’ve actually put a separate management and team - management team in place, it’s still part in knowing this pressure but specifically on the Midwest to accelerate our growth in the Midwest.

Know vitals kind of not having a very good time in the Midwest and we’re doing well. Our growth rates in the Midwest are very good, we are doing well and we feel our LP is doing well. So we think it’s important how we get that market position where it plays more to our advantage and new advantage.

In the south there has been a lot of focus on Trim products and then just normal products whether it be and our normal initiatives on our non-metro, you guys have heard about top of the market product line, we’re working on developing and launching.

So it’s pretty broad base, somehow shorter term like the Midwest and the terminal of south and some of the longer term like capital market and some of those others..

Andrew Johnston

Okay. And finally, just in terms of your price growth versus competing product price growth, now obviously LP is one focusing just on not they reported but just what you were seeing in the market.

Are you seeing similar that was price growth to what you think they are putting through?.

Louis Gries

Yeah, keep in mind we’re very different pricer, so we believe in value pricing with regular small increases. You know LP as a company has a capacity utilization pricer, so I don’t think anyone should take comfort in the fact that they are running their prices up because I think they are running their prices up because their capacity is tight.

And I think - so using that down the demand possibly. And then I think when they get to new capacity online it may reverse itself, that’s the behavior in the rest of your business.

So I wouldn’t look at our pricing, their pricing I just look at as Hardie pricing the way they price and as it’s balancing out the volume and returns part to trend balance and I’d yes, we are doing well at our pricing I think.

I want to come back to Trim, because I didn’t answer all your question on what we’re investing and we have done a lot of work in our Trim line and several invest were working on it in the business out in the market in the last couple of weeks.

I still think we have some more work to do there, so that be an area we’re going to put more money into as well..

Andrew Johnston

You were looking an alternative true product, looking at acquiring alternative technology for Trim, where you on that?.

Louis Gries

Yeah, I mean we have our MCT product in the market now.

I think it’s kind of addressing some of the gaps we’ve had in our product line when you build certain types of houses, but I think there is some gaps, not so much when you built that type of house, ,but again Trims has those who view that Trims are very regional business, so we are not talking about Southern Trim, we got a lot of gaps right now there and we are growing the way we want to grow, we did the returns we want.

But the northern trend, the difference in the Midwest and Northeast difference to in customer, I am going to say middle of market home, it’s really acquiring more solutions than we’ve provided thus far. I think our basic capability is - and Trim as a producer has improved significantly but I think our capability more from a market side.

The builder is not seeing enough opportunities where our Trim is the obvious answer form, so we still have to take a look at every ten buildings, we may be obviously to answer on two or three, but we got to get to an obvious answer on six or seven and then we can worry about the other three later..

Andrew Johnston

That two to three at Trim is for the Northeast that we’re talking about?.

Louis Gries

Yeah, just generally north and that would be ahead of actually our - we do it, it’s different segment to segment, so a new construction that be ahead of our rate in new construction. Our referring models a bit higher and multifamily is higher as well..

Andrew Johnston

Thanks very much..

Simon Thackray

Thanks very much. Simon Thackray from Citi.

Most of the stuff I wanted to ask has been covered, but acceptation of the channels low just in terms of the national builders more proportion of volume they represent, what’s happened particularly in terms of ColorPlus penetration where you had a higher rate of penetration when number of the national builders and that seems to at least any dead leaf have been cut back.

So can you just talk about channel strategy national builders’ volume and or we should be expecting in ‘16?.

Louis Gries

Yeah, so, I just you change of the terminology a little bit. When we think it’s channel, we are thinking of distributors and dealers, okay. And most of you know that we kind of did a channel reset through four years ago when we started to working on pricing. There are a lot of things with the channel that had to address as far our pricing issues.

I think that’s gone really well, I think we’re yet into be a company and probably as you go around the market, you probably also hear that Hardie is now kind of like you supposed to be in a channel, we are not kind as you know pushing as far as which way we want something go versus you know. So anyway I think we’ve done a good job in the channel.

I think we’re not in the top tier of companies as far as high operating channel but we are kind of in at least in the middle now which we want before. So that’s gone well.

Now we look at big builders as a segment at channel, so big builders would buy through a dealer base which we kind of buy through one stepper which is one type of dealer or the buy through what we can volume lumber yards which is now a type of dealer. So as far as big builders, we’ve always done well around.

Now I say always when you think at 20 years, there is probably a six or eight period when we are making a lot of change in our products that made the product more expensive that maybe the most price conscious buyers in the market going to support and by the way the big builders are normally falling that at most conscious buyers in the market.

But over the last several years, we’ve had pretty much all the big builders on agreements with us, there is repaid agreements, so we basically send them a check once a quarter based on their product usage.

They can make certain think to us which is their - normally they are - either they are - when they’re using fiber cement, they’ll use Hardie or some of them when they’ll use an hard siding, so use Hardie.

And then we commit certain things to them, obviously they get the big builder segment pricing through the rebates, and they also get a surety of supply. So right now I think it’s 20 for 20. The latest builder to come over when we have formal agreement was Beazer. We went several years without Beazer having an agreement with us.

Right now we’re 20 for 20. We don’t necessarily aim to be 20 for 20. We just happen to be 20 for 20. Our target with big builders would be, yeah, 17 - we’d like to have 17 out of 20 on a contract. Kind of getting sure some base volume for us in a market through to channel. And, yeah, we’re in good shape..

Matthew Marsh

And just in terms of mix between products into that segment, ColorPlus versus Prime Board versus Trim, so ….

Louis Gries

Oh, yeah, okay, ColorPlus, sorry. Yeah, we made a mistake. When we launched color in the South, we went to big builders to get base demand, get enough supply, so basically you’re scale. In the South, the value proposition for builders with color just isn’t strong enough. So we are kind of forcing the product into the market.

With some of the builders we get it for three or four years to hoping that we go through that kind of learning curve between the two organizations to get there. But we just never did, the takeoffs weren’t efficient enough.

The inventory in market just never was right for the service position they require because the production builders, obviously they can’t be held up by unavailability of a color, something like that.

So I think maybe a year-and-a-half, two years ago, we just stepped back and said, hey, you know what, the value proposition of color does exist in Southern markets, but it’s not what you’re most price conscious, highest production builders. Now that will just differ a little bit regionally, like there’s some volume builders using it in the Carolinas.

But we have a fiber cement standard market like Texas, like Atlanta. We’ve just de-emphasized those programs and the builders have been happy to step back from Color and go back to Prime. So we maintain their business, but we don’t maintain a color. Okay, it looks like - any questions on the phone would be the next….

Operator

Alright, we’ll now begin the question-and-answer session through the phone. [Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Jason Steed with JP Morgan. Please go ahead..

Jason Steed

Hi, good morning, Lou. Morning, Matt. Just had a couple of questions. Going to Texas for a second, I guess some of the indications are that perhaps the downturn that you alluded to and that was just a conservative planning estimate of 20% in South Texas probably hasn’t come to pass, which is good.

I was just wondering if you might be able to give a bit more color around some of the key markets. It sounds like Dallas and San Antonio are still pretty strong, Houston weak.

What are your exposures and I guess what are you seeing and do you think about revising that kind of worst-case scenario?.

Louis Gries

Yeah. I don’t know if there is much motivation internally to revise it, because we have those markets covered with product. What we’re really guarding against there is anticipating more volume than we’re going to get and then not efficiently using our Texas capacity.

So similar to the Fontana question earlier, we have Texas plants pointed outside of Texas now with some of the volume. And obviously there’s a fair amount of volume that if the market was off 20% in, say, South Texas, a fair amount of volume that would go elsewhere.

It doesn’t have to go elsewhere because the West Coast plants specifically can react quick enough that if South Texas stays good, that the West Coast plants are just pretty small board and cover more to markets out west.

So my guess, if you ask me my guess now because we have been - the guys have been following this kind of week to week and we’re looking like flat to slightly down to South Texas an opportunity. So my guess is that 20% although it was prudent planning, it’ll never come into play.

So we won’t be - we won’t - I don’t think we’ll be dealing with the market situation where South Texas is off 20%. I think we’d start to see that - a we were to really see that in some of the data points we have now and we’re not seeing that..

Jason Steed

Okay, okay. Excellent. And then just moving on to cement pricing. It does sound as though the one sort of input cost that is going up, quite meaningfully is cement.

But is it - the fact that pulp, silica and energy are going down enough to offset that for you? Is that?.

Louis Gries

All right. Yeah, cement is important. I mean it’s fiber cement, but it really can’t overwhelm our numbers. The input cost, it can really make a difference as pulp and then energy is kind of right behind that. Silica not so much, it was working against us. I think it may work for us if things stay the same in the oil industry.

And, of course, freight is a big component. So right now we like where we’re at. We have pulp coming down, we have cement going up, but only slightly. And, of course, I mean cement is a very predictable commodity pricing.

So if housing starts continue to increase in, say, the next five years, you’re going to see cement prices increase the next five years. There’s no disconnect between utilization and pricing in cement. As the utilization goes up, the price will go up. So we like where we’re - we live in, in a little bit of a nice window here on input cost.

So if we stay in that window like I said, you’ll see a bit more money to the bottom line..

Jason Steed

Okay, got you. Thanks. And just one last one, I guess, for Matt. Matt, you talked about the mesothelioma claims and you want to see that KPMG has been pushed out again.

I’d recall and correct me if I’m wrong that you have said in the past this would probably be a point whereby we’d get some certainty on whether or not the sort of peak in claims needed to be pushed out, but it appears that’s still too early to tell.

Is that a change?.

Matthew Marsh

No, there’s no change. Keep in mind on the peak year, the peak year is a modeled year of a combination of exposure, the peak exposure year which I think in the actuarial study is in the late ‘60s, early ‘70s and the latency period. And then in the report the actuarial sensitivity says that there’ll be normal variation around that peak year.

And up to and including this March report, the latest report, KPMG has not moved the peak year. So while certainly the trend in claims has increased adversely, if you will, they’ve continued to increase since the peak year. That’s still within the normal variation that would have been provided within that peak year assumption per the actuarial model.

So obviously, we’re continuing to watch it and KPMG is continuing to watch it and there was discussion as the report was built for the year. But there’s been no discussion around moving the peak year..

Jason Steed

Okay.

And then does it have to do with the fact that national claim percentage rate is lower, all to do with that or is it just a separate point and that’s too early to tell?.

Matthew Marsh

Yeah, I think it’s too early to tell. I offered the national claims in part out of some explanation why AICF’s trends on claims continues to move in one direction and the national tends to stay flat. You could certainly imply from that that AICF is bearing a disproportionate burden of those claims. But those are separate points..

Jason Steed

Yeah. Okay. Thanks, Matt. Thanks, Lou..

Louis Gries

Okay.

Is that it on the phone?.

Operator

Our next question comes from the line of Matthew McNee from Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead..

Matthew McNee

Thanks, guys. Louis, I’m just going to ask this question a little bit different, because I know you already said for your margin you expect to be in the range. But if you look at fourth quarter next year for fiscal 2016, you’re obviously yet to get the full benefit of the price increase you may announced or implemented on March 1.

Pulp has fallen a bit further since the end of the quarter. Other things actually flat.

Is there any reason you would say that fourth quarter 2016 margin not to be at least as good as what you just reported in the fourth quarter 2015?.

Louis Gries

Well, I mean you got a lot of assumptions around input costs there. So pulp’s come off. I can’t -.

Matthew McNee

Given what we see today..

Louis Gries

Yeah, but given what we see today and what we’re going to see in 12 months, I think I already kind of covered it, Matt.

Our forecasts show us being in the top of the range, okay? And then if things are more favorable than our forecast obviously to pull us over the range, we’re not going to try and manage ourselves down end of the range obviously, we’ve decided what we’re going to spend.

We’ve got our forecast for input cost, we’ve got our forecast for volume, we’ve got our forecast for throughputs in the plant and how we’re going to source the material. And it all comes up to top of the range. So it can go over the range if we have favorable inputs costs relative to our plan.

Or I guess if everything doesn’t work out like we think, our volume is a little short or our plans don’t run quite as well, our sourcing isn’t as seamless as we move more board back to the West Coast. So my guidance is we think we’ll be in the top of the range, but there is some variance around that, things that could happen.

Yes, to answer your question directly, I could see a scenario where we don’t hit 24/5 in fourth quarter next year. But I don’t think - yeah, we’re not operating quarter to quarter..

Matthew McNee

Just moving to the volume, so you were saying you’re hoping to get PDG growth this year up to sort of 10%. And I think your housing starts forecast is same anywhere from sort of 10% to 20% growth in housing starts and R&R of about sort of 3% or 4%.

So if you assume the exterior products is about 50-50, you’re getting - you’re hitting the low end of those ranges, you’re still going to get about sort of circa 7% or 8% underlying market growth. Now I know your interiors, let’s assume they don’t grow.

So if you look at - you got your exterior products, 10% Prime and demand growth probably ended up being something in the mid-teens for total exterior product growth.

Is that sort of the right sort of numbers that you guys are thinking about?.

Louis Gries

No, your arithmetics, they are definitely a bit different than ours. I think we had in our presentation here, 11% to 12% on housing, which seems to be pretty much where the forecasters are at now. We’re definitely not planning that. We’re planning the market up about 7% on new construction.

So if you take your 7% and you multiply that by 0.4, that’s 2.8%. And then, say, R&R is at 4% and that’s times 0.6, so that’s 2.4%. So we think our market index is more likely to be 5% next year.

So it doesn’t change the question that much because 10% on top 5% for the exterior part of our business is hard, okay? So that’s an acceleration that we don’t think has started yet. So hitting that 10% PDG next year is hard, but that’s definitely what we’re gearing ourselves to do.

So less management time on capacity because we set up less management time on bottom line efficiency, because we think we have things working the way they should and more management time on growth and 10s is the battle cry. Now I don’t want you to think I’m guaranteeing you 10%, I just want to tell you that’s what we’re after..

Matthew McNee

Yeah..

Louis Gries

And we get a little bit of growth out of the backer segment, and yeah, but like you say, it would pull down to 15% you’re looking for an exterior when you pull it down..

Matthew McNee

Yeah. No worries, thanks..

Louis Gries

Yeah..

Operator

Our next question comes from the line of James Rutledge from Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead..

James Rutledge

Thank you. Good morning.

Sorry, Lou, to labor the point, but just firstly a question around - your comments around Phase II against bill pay, just wondering if those costs relating to Phase II were basically fully embedded in fourth quarter of 2015 or do they ramp up into 2016?.

Louis Gries

No, they’ll ramp up. I mean I think you’re into hopefully a three-year period of ramping up costs. So we’ve done a good job to control our increased spend and we’ll try and do that in the future.

Like I said, the test in the business is, you start spending money, start spending money, but you got to step back and say, am I spending it well? I think so far we’re spending it well. But we’re actually having trouble getting a few things in place just from a management capability on so many initiatives.

So the spending is also lagging of where ideally we’d like to be spending right now. I think we’ll catch up on that a little bit, but you will see probably not the where it shocks you, but you’ll see a steady increase in spend on the market programs.

Now when you take it as a percentage of SG&A, maybe it doesn’t jump out if we get the volume growth to offset it, maybe it doesn’t spend out. But as far as dollars spent, it will definitely be ramping up, continue to ramp up..

James Rutledge

And in terms of a significant, if I compare to what we’ve spent in the fourth quarter?.

Louis Gries

Yeah, I don’t know. I don’t know maybe Matt has a better feel. I mean maybe it’s too much information, I don’t know. Yeah, I mean we try to give you the points to be looking for as far as what kind of years Hardie going to have.

We’ve been really consistent on our results and the reason is because even though the business - I mean even though the market demand is slower than everyone anticipated, it’s still been very steady increases. So we’re consistently moving quarter to quarter with a little better market opportunity.

We’ve been moving quarter to quarter with our volume performance above our market index. And then a nice thing is we’ve been moving quarter to quarter and really building more efficiency in our business model.

So everything’s going well and like I said, I repeat myself, we’ve put a fair amount of management time into capacity and fair amount of management time into bottom line efficiency. I’m really quite proud of what’s been accomplished on both those fronts.

Okay? But if we don’t move off of that stuff now and move back on the top line, I think we’re missing an opportunity. So that’s what we’re trying to do internally and that’s kind of what I’m telling you. Now I guess I’m going - we’re going after that 10% PDG and we’re not there on May whatever it is today.

Okay? So we’re already six weeks into the year and we’re more like what we did PDG last year and what we want to be on PDG. So that 10% is a hard number and that’s something to keep and I can’t.

And I think rightfully so, to some degree, you guys are linking us in LP as far as, well, this 10% happen and our view is, hey, we got to make the 10% happen and we’ll see what else is happening as vinyl declining faster than we think and that’s - and LP is getting their share and that’s why we’re getting our 10er, we’re getting our 10% because there’s been some deceleration in LP’s model or whatever it is.

But our focus is on us and what business can be converted, whether it be vinyl or wood based..

James Rutledge

Sure, understood. Thanks. Question around the dividend, the ordinary dividend went back with far extent on that to $0.27. Just wondering the reason behind it..

Matthew Marsh

Yeah. I think - so the way we do the ordinary dividend is it’s the adjusted NOPAT minus the asbestos adjustments. So last year when the asbestos liability increased, that had a positive effect on the adjusted NOPAT that we use for calculating the ordinary dividend of about $100 million or so.

And then this year obviously with the liability not increasing, you don’t get that same effect. So if you were to use that formula, I think it’s 290 to 291, which was the adjusted number minus about $33 million of asbestos adjustments if you take the first half and second half ordinary and divide that out, it’s probably in the range of 50% to 70%.

So that’s why you kind of see on a per cent basis - a per share basis year-on-year the amount go down..

James Rutledge

Okay, great. Thanks..

Louis Gries

Okay, I think that’s it..

Operator

Our next question -.

Louis Gries

Oh, wait, one more question I believe..

Operator

All right. Next question comes from David Leitch with UBS. Please go ahead..

David Leitch

Last and probably least, and congratulations Lou on a great result and as usual very helpful explanations, which I’ve always found very informative.

But just getting into the questions, just briefly, I wondered just in the costs, besides the raw material cost coming down, non-controllable if you like, is there anything else that helped the cost in the current quarter?.

Louis Gries

Yeah, the plants, I think, Matt covered it in his comments a little bit. I’ll put in a little more context so you can understand. So we’ve always been high throughput manufacturers in fiber cement. But about two years ago, we just felt like we are really starting to flatten out on our improvement curve in manufacturing.

And this was both in Australia and in the US. So we started to work on, hey, what does the next phase of manufacturing improvements look like for Hardie? Is it pre- Autoclave or is it post-Autoclave? Is it lines to produce specialty products versus [indiscernible] and we started to do some of that work.

And well, number one, the work wasn’t leading us to obvious answer. We found our opportunities, but we weren’t able to put in that game plan quick enough for the organization to understand kind of here’s how we’re going to do it.

And I think we actually started to lose some day-to-day momentum as the organization tried to figure out what the shift look like. We’re putting parts in place. It was working in some places, not other places. Australia took a little bit different approach. I mean philosophically heading in the same direction, but executing it differently.

So we had kind of a frustrating about three or four quarters of manufacturing where we weren’t getting any improvements. And then just about second quarter this year started to kick in, the momentum has been building since then.

So we’re running much higher throughputs than in some of our plants, which is great from a unit cost perspective, because you get more of that extra product at raw material plus energy cost rather than a full conversion cost. And it’s great for capacity planning.

So right now and there’s just momentum building, it’s not - no signs of it starting to flatten out or reverse the trend kind of regress back to the main. There’s no sign of that happening. So we think we kind of made it through and we got some upside in manufacturing. And it kind of goes back to, I think it was Matt’s question.

Could you see yourself being above 25 or why aren’t you going to be above 25? And I’ll be honest with you. If manufacturing momentum continues through this year, it would have a material effect on our bottom line. So we’re getting some really significant gains in manufacturing.

And so in addition to the input cost, in the fourth quarter you’re starting to see those manufacturing gains kind of drag the bottom line to a greater degree than you’re getting, say, four quarters ago..

David Leitch

That’s very helpful and I had one final quick question I had.

Just on the PDG, if you had to break up how much of that was coming from R&R and how much from New, how would you - what would you say about that?.

Louis Gries

I’d say in the South, it’s coming more from New and in the North, it’s coming more for R&R. And we got to kind of - that we got to kind of fix that in the North. We got to get our new construction, Northeast running at a higher rate. Midwest, Midwest growth rates were very good last year. So probably a bit ahead there.

But the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, which is a big market, we can do better in new construction and Sean Gadd and his team have been working on that and pretty confident we’ll start to moving in that direction. In the South, we’ve been doing well, because in a lot of the Southern markets, we’re the big player if it’s not a stucco market.

In the South we’ve been doing well, kind of making sure we manage our share right and then finding the other opportunities, whether it be smaller markets or trim opportunities. So the South PDG has been pretty strong actually..

David Leitch

Thanks very much indeed. Cheers..

Matthew Marsh

Lou, we got one more question and -.

Louis Gries

Okay..

Operator

Our next question comes from Tim Binsted with The Australian Financial Review. Please go ahead..

Tim Binsted

Good morning guys. Just a couple from me quickly. Thanks, Louis.

Firstly, I mean do you think it’s fair that you guys paid a special dividend better relying on the New South Wales government to top up a shortfall in asbestos funding?.

Matthew Marsh

Well, yeah, so our dividends and the way we declare the dividends aren’t related to the commitment we have to the AICF and making our payment each year per the AP of up to 35%. So we always prioritize making that payment. And then we start to allocate our capital staring with what’s left over.

And we would allocate capital based on organic growth first, followed by the ordinary, followed by special returns after that. And the special dividend was in line with that strategy for fiscal 2015..

Tim Binsted

Sure. But I mean you guys wouldn’t come to table and the New South Wales Treasurer came out and said that, hey, we’d have to extend and change the getting paid in instalments.

I mean why can you - why are you happy with that situation?.

Matthew Marsh

We were pleased that the AICF and the State of New South Wales were able to come to a favorable agreement for all parties..

Tim Binsted

Okay. And secondly on tax issues, there’s been a lot of coverage of [indiscernible] not paying what’s viewed as their fair share of tax in Australia and Hardie has been under fire on that in the past. So are you at all in discussions with the tax office and are you worried that there might be changes to the way you’re paying tax in this country..

Matthew Marsh

No, we’re not under any discussions..

Tim Binsted

And you’re not concerned that there might be changes, Matt?.

Matthew Marsh

Yeah, I’m not sure that - I think it’s a very dynamic tax environment at the moment and so we’re certainly mindful of watching how tax legislation and tax laws in all jurisdictions move and we’ll continue to monitor those..

Tim Binsted

All right. Thank you..

Operator

And our final question comes from the line of Greg Brown with The Australian. Please go ahead..

Greg Brown

Hi, Louis. Just wondering, in the budget there’ s been a couple of recent measures to curb foreign investment in housing. Of course, they are introducing [ph] lot of construction such as [indiscernible] fees at a federal level and then in Victoria there’s been additional stamp duties paid.

Do you think this will have much of an impact on housing construction?.

Louis Gries

Yeah, certainly I’m not - I wouldn’t be an expert in the kind of demand of housing in the Australian market. It’s obviously been a very healthy market. Ourselves and other building materials companies have been working hard to supply the materials and are benefitting from that.

But I think there’s a lot of people that understand demand for housing in Australia better than I would..

Greg Brown

Okay, sure.

Given that there’s so much of a push for high-rise apartments, is that going to be a market that you’re going to focus on penetrating?.

Louis Gries

Yeah, that’s a good question. I kind of covered that a little bit earlier I think. We’re not positioned in medium density or high-rise construction as well as we are in detached housing or renovations.

So, yes, our Australian management team over the next, say, three to seven years I think will be looking for opportunities to participate in those segments to a greater degree than we do..

Greg Brown

Okay.

Could there be an opportunity to corporate activity do you think to get into those segments or do you think there’s opportunity for further penetration in the Australian market through corporate activity?.

Louis Gries

Yeah, I mean we have a strong bias toward organic growth. I’m not saying we wouldn’t do an acquisition in Australia to open up an opportunity, but if you look at our history we normally strongly prefer investing in organic growth, so that would be identifying the opportunities, developing a solution and then bringing it to market..

Greg Brown

Okay, sure. And just one last question, given that you’re not very confident on US market - US housing and you are on Australia. And if that’s going to [indiscernible] further resources and put a bit more of a focus on making the most of the construction boom in Australia..

Louis Gries

Yeah. No, we kind of run through business cycles. So we think our job is to manage our position through a business cycle rather than go overweight, underweight. So we think we’re fully resourced in Australia for the opportunity here and the same in the other countries we’re participating..

Greg Brown

Okay. Okay, thanks so much. Appreciate it..

Louis Gries

All right. Thank you. All right. Appreciate everyone’s attention. Thanks..

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