ACMR - NASDAQ

Good day, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for standing by, and welcome to the ACM Research Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2025 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, we are recording today's call. If you have any objections, you may disconnect at this time. Now I will turn the call over to Mr. Steven Pelayo, Managing Director of Blueshirt Group. Steven, please go ahead.

Good day, everyone. Thank you for joining us to discuss fourth quarter and fiscal year 2025 results, which we released before the U.S. market opened today. The release is available on our website as well as from Newswire Services. There is also a supplemental slide deck posted to the Investor Relations section of our website that we will reference during our prepared remarks. On the call with me today are our CEO, Dr. David Wang; our CFO, Mark McKechnie; and Lisa Feng, our CFO of our operating subsidiary, ACM Shanghai. Before we continue, please turn to Slide 2. Let me remind you that remarks made during this call may include predictions, estimates or other information that might be considered forward-looking. These forward-looking statements represent ACM's current judgment for the future. However, they are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. Those risks are described under the risk factors and elsewhere in ACM's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Please do not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect ACM's opinions only as of the date of this call. ACM is not obliged to update you on any revisions to these forward-looking statements. Certain financial results that we provide on this call will be on a non-GAAP basis, which excludes stock-based compensation and unrealized gain or loss on short-term investments. For our GAAP results and reconciliations between GAAP and non-GAAP amounts, you should refer to our earnings release, which is posted on the IR section of our website and to Slides 14 and 15. Also, unless otherwise noted, the following figures refer to the fourth quarter and fiscal year 2025, and comparisons are going to be with the fourth quarter and fiscal year 2024. I will now turn the call over to David Wang. David?

Thanks, Steven. And hello, everyone, and welcome to ACM's Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2025 Earnings Conference Call. I'm pleased with our fourth quarter results, which capped off a solid year of execution. Revenue grew 9% in the fourth quarter and 15% for the full year. We continue to execute well across our core business. We made a lot of progress with new product platforms, and we strengthened our position in China and globally. Investment in AI and data center infrastructure is reshaping the global semiconductor demand, shifting capital towards advanced logic, memory and advanced packaging. The industry is looking to key supplier for new technology, many of which have not yet been invented. ACM differentiated technology portfolio has been aligned well with this high-value process steps and the market is how -- now the market is coming for us for solutions. A good demonstration is recent momentum with several key global customers outside the Mainland China market that we announced in today's press release. First, we announced that we have delivered multiple single-wafer cleaning tools to Singapore facility of our Asia-based foundry customer. This marks ACM's first tool installation to Singapore, a key milestone for ACM. Second, we announced that we're receiving multiple orders for our advanced packaging tool from 3 global customers. This included orders for multiple-wafer level advanced packaging system from a leading global OSAT customer based in Singapore with deliveries scheduled for the first quarter of 2026. A panel-level advanced packaging vacuum cleaning tool from a leading global semiconductor packaging manufacturer based outside Mainland China, also scheduled for delivery in the first quarter of 2026 and multiple-wafer level packaging system from a leading North America-based technology customer with delivery scheduled later this year. Now on to our business results. Please turn to Slide 3. For the fourth quarter of 2025, we delivered $244 million in revenue, up 9%. For the year 2025, we delivered $901 million in revenue, up 15%. Top line growth of 15% was better than growth for the overall China WFE market, which third-party estimate as generally flat for 2025. We consider this good result, especially since our 2025 revenue includes very little contribution from our new products. We expect a strong product cycle in 2026 from SPM cleaning and our furnace product as we made a very good technical progress for this new product across our customer base. We also made a good progress with our supercritical CO2 dry, Track, panel-level plating and PECVD, which we expect to contribute some more in 2026, but more in 2027 and beyond. Shipments for 2025 were $854 million versus $973 million. Remember, 2024 shipments increased 63% over the year. So we had a tough compare. We also had some shipment for new product pushed into the 2026. Importantly, we expect 2026 shipment growth to be higher than our 2026 revenue growth. Gross margin was 41% for the fourth quarter and 44.5% for the full year. Q4 gross margin was slightly below our long-term target range of 42% to 48%. We attribute the Q4 level to product mixing, including a few semi-critical products with a lower margin due to the competitive pressure and also higher seasonal inventory provisions. We expect lower gross margin to be temporary. We believe our new product ramp, combined with the product design and supply chain initiative will enable us to deliver the best product at a lower cost. There's no change to our long-term target model range of 42% to 48%. Moving on, we ended the year with a net cash of $845 million versus $259 million at the year-end of 2024. This balance sheet provides the foundation to continue our effort to develop world-class tools for the leading global semiconductor manufacturers. Before I review our product, I will provide our view on competitive dynamics in China and how we will win in this environment. We have recently seen a flood of new local entrants to the China capital equipment industry. In many cases, there are 5 or more players going after a single point product, all with very similar design and performance. We believe we will compete and win in China market because, number one, we have a differentiated technology with many products almost the best in the world. Two, we have a deep portfolio of IP with strong protection in China; and three, our local customer demand the best technology in order to compete in the global market. Now I will provide detail on product. Please turn to Slide 4. Revenue from single-wafer cleaning, Tahoe and semi-critical cleaning tool was $626 million, up 8% in 2025 and represented 69% of total revenue. We now estimate our cleaning portfolio address 95% of the application and process steps, and we are working on developing remaining solution that will bring us to 100% in 2026. We believe ACM now has the widest coverage of cleaning tool, far more extensive as compared to all competitors. The 8% year-over-year growth in 2025 included very little contribution from our newer cleaning line. We expect this new product, including single-wafer SPM, Tahoe and N2 bubbling wet etch to contribute more meaningfully to our 2026 revenue. As the industry moves to more advanced nodes, we expect increased demand for high-performance cleaning tools. The increased adoption of multiple patterning is driving higher layer counts, potentially impact yields and demand more cleaning steps with a higher cleaning efficiency. We believe this plays right into ACM's strength. For example, our proprietary N2 bubbling etching technology is uniquely positioned in the market. We are seeing growth interest for advanced 3D NAND application where larger bubble size and uniformity control will become more critical as the industry moves to 300 layer and above. In SPM cleaning, customers recognize the advantage of our proprietary nozzle and chamber design. We believe our platform outperforming leading competitors in small particle cleaning performance. We made a significant technical progress at the end of 2025 with our new SPM nozzle design. We achieved a 50 nanoparticle size count of under 20, which we believe is the best-in-class performance for the industry. Our unique nozzle design does not require any routine chamber DI water cleaning. This is a big deal for customers because it not only delivers a better cleaning environment for the chamber, but also increased uptime of our equipment. As a result, I'm pleased to report today that we have received a strong repeat order for our SPM cleaning tools from a major customer for delivery to module fab in 2026. We are also seeing very strong interest for our unique SPM technology from numerous global customers because they are not satisfied with the performance of their current plan of the record tool. Our supply -- our supercritical CO2 dry tool integrated ACM proprietary cleaning IP while reducing CO2 consumption by approximately 40% as compared to their competitors. This results in process efficiency with lower operation cost. We made a successful in-house demo for the multiple Logic and memory customer at the end of 2025. We have already received a demo PO for evaluation tools from 2 customers for delivery middle of 2026, and we expect to deliver additional tools to multiple customers later this year. In Mainland China alone, we estimate the incremental market opportunity for this next-generation cleaning product is nearly USD 1 billion. We remain confident in our long-term objective to achieve approximately 60% of the market share in China cleaning market, and we expect the cleaning to outgrow the China WFE this year and in the year ahead. We estimate our market share for ECP in China is now more than 40%, and we remain confident in our long-term goal to achieve 60% or more. Front tool was -- represent about 70% of the mixing for year, including our Map, MAP Plus, ECP 3D, ECP G3 products. ECP back-end tool were about 30% of the mix, including our ECP AP product line. In Q4, we delivered our first Ultra ECP ap-p horizontal panel-level electroplating tool to industry-leading large panel fabrication customer. We -- our customer prefer ACM preferred horizontal plating solution versus competitors' vertical plating approach due to the much better plating film uniformity and much less cross-contamination between multiple plating chemicals. We expect a growing customer interest in our panel-level solution as the industry looks for higher throughput and lower cost to support advanced packaging solution for multiple large die size and HBM AI chips. As discussed earlier, we received order from 3 global customers for both wafer-level and panel-level packaging tools. Our furnace tool are under various stage of evaluation of many customers. Revenue from furnace was relatively small in 2025, and we expect a more meaningful contribution in 2026. We made several technical breakthrough for LPCVD and ALD and PEALD in 2025. We see good demand across multiple applications, including high-temperature neo, especially 1,350-degree version, LPCVD, ALD and PEALD. We believe ACM differential design position us to capture meaningful market share. Revenue from advanced packaging, which exclude ECP, but including service and spare was up 45% in 2025 to $76 million and represents 8% of revenue. This includes coater, developer, etchers, stripper, scrubber and vacuum cleaning tools. We believe ACM is the only company to offer a full portfolio of wet process tool and world-class plating product for the advanced packaging. We think the combination is very powerful. It provides ACM with a valuable insight into the challenging of next-generation packaging as AI drives industry towards 2.5D and 3D integration. We are making solid progress with our new Track and PECVD platforms. Last September, we delivered our high-throughput 300 WPH KrF track tool for evaluation at a key customer. We expect mass production qualification in 2026 for the tool. And we anticipate this will lead to demand from additional customers, including both stand-alone and full integrated system in line with the lithography tool. We believe our high throughput design positions this platform to compete effectively with the current supplier. In Q4, we delivered our first Ultra Lith BK system. This milestone represents the first customer deploy of our Track series following early demonstration and validation. It also marked our entry into the display panel market, a new segment that require high-volume manufacturing and strong performance stability. We anticipate to develop our proprietary PECVD platform. Our design has 3 trucks per chamber, which we believe is the only one in the world. This provides flexibility for a wide range of process with the same hardware. We feel good about our positioning as the team works through the technical detail with a few tool in our Lingang mini lab running wafer test and custom demo wafer. We expect to ship multiple EVA tools in the near term. In summary, we innovation -- our innovation engine contribute to drive differentiated solutions across a broader growing portfolio. As AI drives a more complex semiconductor process, customers are turning into ACM as a trusted partner to help solving their increasing challenges. Next, let me provide an update on our production facility. First, on Lingang, please turn to Slide 8. Our Lingang production and R&D center is now our primary production center. The first building is in volume production and the second provides capacity for the future expansion. Together, the 2 facilities can support up to $3 billion in annual output. During 2025, we made a good progress on our mini line and Lingang. We have enhanced our process development capability and now support the on-site customer evaluation in fab-like conditions. Our mini line, including ACM tools and tools from other players and metrology tools. We believe the mini line will accelerate our internal product validation, shorten R&D and qualification cycle and strengthen collaboration with key customers as we introduce next-generation platforms. Next, our Oregon facility, please turn to Slide 9. We are accelerating investment in Oregon with the operation expected beginning in the second half of 2026. This facility will allow customers to evaluate our technology and to test their wafer locally, and it will serve as our initial base for production in the United States. Our global customers are encouraging by our commitment, which we believe will help them to choose ACM as a key supplier to scale production. We remain very pleased by the success of ACM Shanghai team, which continue to be a key supplier to the semiconductor industry in Asia. ACM Shanghai has also proven to be a great source of capital and financial flexibility for ACM. In September 2025, ACM Shanghai completed a private offering of ordinary share, generating approximately $623 million in net proceeds. In February 2026, we completed the sale of approximately 4.8 million ACM Shanghai shares at RMB 160 per share, generating approximately $111 million in gross proceeds. ACM Shanghai also has been a good source of dividends in 2023, 2024 and 2025. We received dividends net of tax of $19.2 million, $28.5 million and $29 million, respectively. Our major ownership in Shanghai -- ACM Shanghai remain a strategic asset. It enhances our financial flexibility and supporting disciplined execution as we continue expanding globally. Taken together, our expanding product portfolio, increased manufacturing capacity and strengthening capital position give us confidence in our long-term strategy. Now turning to our outlook for the full year 2026. Please turn to Slide 10. In middle January, we introduced our 2026 revenue outlook in the range of $1.08 billion to $1.175 billion. This implies 25% year-over-year growth at the middlepoint. We reiterate this outlook today. Since our founding in California in 1998 and the establish of ACM Shanghai in 2005, we're building a globally competitive semiconductor equipment company grounded in innovation and different technology. Our leadership in cleaning and electroplating created a strong foundation, and we are now expanding across Furnace, Track and PECVD as we broaden our multiple product portfolio. In Asia, we are recognized as a leader in wafer cleaning and plating, and we are engaging with a global customer across U.S. and Europe. With continued progress across SPM, Tahoe, supercritical CO2 dry, Furnace, Track, PECVD and panel-level packaging, we believe we are entering a new phase of a product cycle that are driving sustained growth. We have the customer, the product, the capacity and the capital to execute our global business plan, and we remain committed to our long-term target of $4 billion in revenue. Now let me turn the call over to our CFO, Mark, who will review details of our fourth quarter and full year results. Mark, please.

Thank you, David. Good day, everyone. Please turn to Slide 11 and 12. Unless I note otherwise, I'll refer to non-GAAP financial measures, which exclude stock-based compensation, unrealized gain/loss on short-term investments. Reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to comparable GAAP measures is included in our earnings release. Also, unless otherwise noted, the following figures refer to the fourth quarter and full year of 2025 and comparisons are with the fourth quarter and full year of 2024. I will now provide financial highlights. Revenue was $244 million for the fourth quarter, up 9.4%. For the full year, revenue was $901.3 million, up 15.2%. Full year revenue was in line with our original guidance set a year ago and slightly above the updated range announced on January 22. Fourth quarter revenue for single-wafer cleaning, Tahoe and semi-critical cleaning was $159.9 million, up 3%. For the year, this category grew by 8.1%. Fourth quarter revenue for ECP, Frontend Packaging, Furnace and other technologies was $64.1 million, up 23.9%. For the year, this category grew by 32.1%. Fourth quarter revenue for Advanced Packaging, excluding ECP, services and spares was $20.5 million, up 23.8%. For the year, this category grew by 45.3%. I will now provide revenue mix by customer type for 2025. Starting this year, rather than disclosing specific customer names, we are now disclosing revenue by customer type once a year. For each customer type, this includes product, services and spare parts. We've included the mix table on Slide 7 of our presentation. For 2025, our revenue mix by customer type was split among Foundry, Logic and Other, 59%; Memory, 27%; Packaging and Wafer Processing, 14%. In 2025, we had 4 10-plus percent customers, including our top customer was 16.9%, next was 13.5%, then 11.6% and 10.2% for an aggregate total of 4 customers representing 52.2% of total sales. For 2024, we had 4 10% customer also for a total of 52.2%. Total shipments were $228 million for the fourth quarter, down 13.5% and $854 million for the full year of 2025, down 12.2%. David noted, we had a tough compare versus a strong 2024 when shipments increased 63% year-over-year. We also did have some shipments for new products pushed into 2026. We expect 2026 shipment growth rate to be higher than our 2026 revenue growth rate. Gross margin was 41.0% for the fourth quarter and 49.8%. For the full year, gross margin was 44.5% versus 50.4% in 2024. Q4 gross margin was slightly below our long-term target model. Adding to David's earlier remarks, gross margins were down 8.8 percentage points year-over-year on a quarterly basis. This was due to product mix and margin pressure concentrated in a few semi-critical products, which contributed about 5 points of the headwind and a higher level of inventory provisions that contributed about 4 points negative impact. As David noted, we expect the lower gross margins to be temporary. We believe our new product ramp, combined with supply chain initiatives will enable us to deliver the best products at a low cost and there is no change to our long-term target model range of 42% to 48%. For modeling purposes, we expect gross margins to be at the lower end of this longer-term target range for the first half of 2026 with an anticipated lift in the second half due in part to contribution from newer products, which generally have higher gross margins. Operating expenses were $70.6 million for the fourth quarter, up 21%. For the full year, operating expenses were $258.4 million, up 34%. For 2025, R&D was 15.1% of sales, sales and marketing was 7.8% of sales and G&A was 5.8% of sales. For 2026, we plan for R&D in the 16% to 18% range, sales and marketing in the 7% to 8% range and G&A in the 6% range. Operating income was $29.5 million for the fourth quarter versus $52.8 million. Operating margin for Q4 '25 was 12.1% as compared to 23.6%. For the full year, operating margin was 15.9% as compared to 25.6%. Long term, we look to grow our R&D spending in line with revenue, but we expect to show operating level -- operating leverage in SG&A with spending growth below our revenue growth level. Income tax expense was $6.6 million for the fourth quarter versus $17.3 million. For the full year, income tax expense was $13.3 million versus $35 million in 2024. For 2026, we expect our effective tax rate in the 8% to 10% range. Net income attributable to ACM Research was $17.3 million for the fourth quarter versus $37.7 million. For the full year, net income attributable to ACM Research was $110.2 million versus $152.2 million. Net income per diluted share was $0.25 for the fourth quarter versus $0.56. For the full year, net income per diluted share was $1.61 versus $2.26. Our non-GAAP net income excluded $6.4 million of stock-based compensation expense for the fourth quarter and $33.6 million for the full year. I will now review selected balance sheet and cash flow items. Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and time deposits were $1.13 billion versus $441 million at year-end 2024. Net cash, which excludes short-term and long-term debt was $845.5 million versus $259.1 million at year-end 2024. $585.4 million increase in net cash for 2025 included $623 million net raised in the private offering by ACM Shanghai in 2025. Total inventory at year-end was $702.6 million versus $676.4 million at the end of the third quarter. Raw materials were $349.7 million, up $23.5 million quarter-over-quarter. We made additional strategic purchases to support production plans and to mitigate any potential supply chain risk. Work in process was $61.4 million, up $1.9 million quarter-over-quarter. Finished goods inventory was $291.6 million, up $0.9 million quarter-over-quarter. Finished goods inventory primarily consists of first tools under evaluation at our customer sites along with finished goods located at ACM's facilities. Cash provided by operations was $33.9 million for the fourth quarter. For the full year cash -- 2025, cash used by operations was about $10 million. Capital expenditures were $58 million for the full year 2025. For the full year 2026, we expect to spend about $200 million in capital expenditures. This continues -- this includes continued investments in Lingang, including the mini line and the second production facility, fixed assets for the business and investments in Oregon, along with other items. That concludes our prepared remarks. Now let's open the call for any questions that you may have. Operator, please go ahead.

[Operator Instructions] Our first question will come from the line of Charles Shi with Needham & Company.

I believe you gave pretty good color on shipment versus revenue growth this year. So I have a question since you mentioned about new products probably going to be a bigger driver this year for growth. And wonder if you can give us some color, let's say, excluding the new products, what's the growth, either shipment or revenue is expected to be excluding all the new products for the -- maybe -- I think maybe I'm talking about the existing product lines in cleans, plating, et cetera.

Okay. Okay. Thank you, Charles. And actually, you know that we -- as we said, we made quite a big progress, right, in the SPM process. Generally speaking, SPM, product SPM represent 25%, 30% of the cleaning market. And this market in the last couple of years, were not much touched so much. And as I said, last 2025, we made a very good progress both into the special module design for the high temperature and also Tahoe product. So we're getting to very aggressively into this market. And again, this is a very high-margin product and also a lot of customers, both in the Mainland China, also outside China, they suffered the particle issue with this high-temperature SPM process. And we think with our proprietary design model, we can control a very good environment, so therefore, can be -- will reduce particle size. So that can be really enhanced our market growth in cleaning. Secondly, I want to see that is our N2 bubbling proprietary bubbling wet etch technology is really critical for the 3D NAND silicon nitride etching process, which we believe our proprietary technology not only cover today's demand for 300-layer, we believe as people moving to 400 or even 500 layer will suffer this kind of uniformity on the wear top or wear bottom, right? So we're using large bubble and size. We also with our proprietary technology, we can make a very uniform and large bubble distribution in the tank. That will be really enhance the etching uniformity from the top to the bottom for the wear. So we believe that's not only demand in the market in China, we also see that demand outside in the global market, too. And third one, I also mentioned that is our supercritical CO2 Dry, we also made a lot of progress, right? And which is the past customer demo. We have 2 tools scheduled to be delivered in the first or second quarter of this year. We have additional interest in coming. Again, since the supercritical CO2 with our proprietary design, we got a capacity our CO2 chamber is about 40% smaller. So we believe that we're really providing customers a 40% reduction of the consumable cost. And that really also, again, right, driving this product not in the local, I call it China market, but also getting to outside China market. So with all this cleaning I call it add together, we believe also expansion in the future. This will probably represent even China, over $1 billion market potential for us to get in. So we're still very excited about our continued expanding our cleaning product in the China market, plus also give us really strong differential technology in global market, right? So that's for cleaning. And again, for copper plating, as I mentioned, we have a full set of the cleaning products, front-end, TSV, back-end, advanced packaging, including also this, I call it compound semiconductor. Plus recently, we just announced our panel horizontal plating, which we believe very, very key technology to driving for the panel size plating. This moment, everybody using vertical and copper plating for panel. We are the first one in the world so far doing horizontal plating, right? With our different technology, we believe probably most likely, we're the only one in the market to drive another horizontal copper plating. So this year also, we see the bigger interest, not only in the China market, we see also a lot of interest coming in for us to deliver this tool. So with that, all new products in our existing cleaning, copper plating can drive a lot of revenue this year, including next year, right? And then plus, as I said, our other Furnace and PECVD and also Track business, we are developing for the last 4, 5 years, really made a lot of technology breakthrough, too. So we believe those technology getting this year start getting market, and we're real sustaining our next 3- to 5-year growth. And which you know that last 3, 4 years, our major growth has come from cleaning and copper plating. And next few years, we see this new product coming will definitely strengthen our highgrowth profile in the next few years. So we are very excited, very try to execution our strategy to continue to grow our revenue. Charles?

Maybe a question on profitability. So you reported last year, you gave some color about this year. But I believe if my math is right, your operating margin will compress last year from maybe close to 26% in '24 to 16% in '25. But this year, based on your -- what you guided about gross margin, what you guided about R&D, SG&A, it doesn't look like operating margin can rebound. It feels like operating margin probably more or less the same or even coming down a little bit depending on how the gross margin trends for the remainder of the year. So I wanted to get some sense how -- what's the reason for operating margin being under pressure for almost 2 years? And how do you plan to address this and maybe try to expand the operating margin from here?

Yes. Actually, that's this way. Looking at gross margin, right, we are the probably top of the equipment company in China, right, for gross margin, right, for the last few years. And as you said, Q4 of -- Q4 last year, we do see our first time gross margin is lower than our range, 40% to 48%, right? As we explaining maybe 3 factors. One is the product mix. We have 1 or 2 products, which is a semi-critical tool, do have pressure from the competitor for pricing there. The next one is really this inventory provision. But we think this year, as we are new product coming, as I mentioned, the 3 products coming will definitely enhance our margin. And also our inventory provision, we believe will be also greatly reduced too. So with that, we still have confidence we're in the 42% to 48% gross margin in this year or beyond. And more than that is, as you said, we put quite a bit of R&D last year, right? It used to be R&D 13%, 14%. This -- last year, we're getting to 16%. We probably will keep that number in a way. Why? The next few years, AI is driving a lot of demand for the new technology. And everybody else, first tier company outside China, all people put a lot of R&D. And so we'll continue to invest that, which we know will impact a little bit our operating margin, but it's worth to spend money now. Why? I said the opportunity is there, right? And a lot of customers real demand for the new technology, which I believe a lot of AI technology today even not invented yet. So it really give ACM a good opportunity with our, I call it our innovation power, our different technology, development capability, we can use this AI trend, we catch a lot of new technology and also catch the customer. This horizontal plate is one good example, for example, right? So again, and it's worth to spend more R&D and even get a few percent of the operation margin lower, which is a real long run, and we're working for the investor interest and also the growth ACM market into the next few years.

Yes. David, I might add a few things. I think that was a good overview. But Charlie, I think kind of summarizing it up, we're spending into the $4 billion market opportunity. There's a number of products that -- areas that we've been investing in that haven't scaled yet, but we expect them to scale over the next few years. It's the right thing to do to spend into that. You're right about the operating margin for 2026 kind of comes in at the mid-teen level, similar to what it was here in 2025. You move out a few years, our target is to keep those gross margins at that target range and then grow our top line faster than our OpEx. I think you can see some leverage in the out years.

Our next question will come from the line of Edison Lee with Jefferies.

Congratulations on the results. I just have 2 quick questions. Number one is that for the fourth quarter, the margin is a little bit low and the revenue growth also is a little bit slow and then your shipment, I think, declined on a year-on-year basis. So how much of that is just product mix and seasonality? And when do you think these numbers will actually start improving in 2026? And then the second question is about the USD 111 million you raised by selling down ACMS. Can you shed some light as to how you would actually utilize that proceeds?

Okay. So let's answer your first question, right? I think that you look in the -- I just mentioned last couple of years, our major growth engine from cleaning and also copper plating, right? Even the cleaning, I said there's one important product, which is SPM process were not touched too much. As I mentioned last year, end of last year, Q4 last year, we made a significant progress with this special nozzle design. We believe our performance is outperforming and top tier as a tool. So we see that growth continuously, right? And so then I would say our cleaning, copper plating and also horizontal panel continue to expand, too. So that keep momentum. Our cleaning market probably today in China about 35% range. We're expanding to 50%, 60% in the next few years. And the copper right now, the 40%, I still say we'll try to catch 60% beyond market in China. More than that is those product -- different products, we see a very high interest from global top-tier customer. So that's what we also reinforce our sales outside China. So that's where I see the impact or boost our revenue for our existing product. But -- and also, I want to see that through the last 5 years, we are really working with differentiated PECVD and Track and also Furnace technology, which we believe a lot of new technology we are putting in and nobody had it before, right? So that's what reinforce our, I call, market position. And plus those tool really with our differential technology, we put a lot of time to develop IP, develop the road map. It costs a little bit long time than the other guys. So -- and now it's come the moment for the market. And plus, I want to see another bigger impact is, I call it improvement is last Q3, we started using Lingang mini line, which we do not have it before. that was really helping our internal demonstration, internal R&D speed. We see the bigger impact already. So that will be helping our tool mature before we ship the customer. So with altogether, I want to say this new growth from the existing and also our new product coming, we're driving ACM is real high growth profile in the year -- this year and in the next few years. So we are very confident. Plus even I say WFE market in China is flat, we can get a higher growth rate because of new product coming. And plus also, as you say, we have made a lot of progress in the global customer, this news announced today. We also see a lot of interest in coming to our different technology from top-tier customer because we have a patent has been locked the technology already. They almost have no choice. They have to come to us. anyway, so that's really exciting for our technology. We're really trying to push in our technology will benefit the international global customer for their AI challenges. Dave, anything you want to add on that?

Yes. Let me add on to something before you answer his question about our Shanghai stock sales. So Edison, for Q4, you probably remember last call, we mentioned that Q4 and the year -- the overall year came in at the midpoint of where we started the year, maybe a little bit better. And don't forget, we had 2 things. Our newer products didn't kick in, very little in 2025. And then we did have a customer push out from Q4 into 2026. And so that was kind of -- those 2 things that hit 2024 -- I'm sorry, the Q4. When you look out to 2025, we're expecting linearity pretty similar to -- I'm sorry, 2026, we're expecting our linearity to be pretty similar. So the first half will be about 42%, 43% of revenue. Second half will be 57% to 58%. But I would kind of anticipate Q1 at about 18% to 20% of the full year mix. Maybe, David, if you wanted to take this question, what are we going to do with the cash that we raised in -- or that we sold -- the cash that we sold.

Sorry, Mark, Mark, Mark, can you hear me?

Yes. Yes.

Before we move on to the use of proceeds, can you also comment a little bit on what you said about, I think, some products having some pricing pressure, which I think partially account for lower margin in the fourth quarter?

Yes. And there's not much to add to what I said there. Or what David and I have both said. There were a couple of semi-critical products that had particularly low margins that hit us in Q3 and Q4. And we -- David mentioned in the prepared remarks, he talked about the competitive situation in China. We are very focused on developing world-class tools. We think that there is also a bigger provision in the back half of the year. So we think that will be -- the overall provision for 2026 probably be smaller than it was in 2025, and it will probably be more balanced throughout the year.

Okay.

So you want me to touch the how we're using proceeds, right?

Yes.

Okay. Well, obviously, we have a second offering in China, right? Those money will be really focusing on R&D again, our expansion for their manufacturing. We have a second building will start decoration this year. So with that add together, probably we can manufacture $3 billion annually, which really give us a lot of room for manufacturing. And plus, we're also putting money in the mini line, as I mentioned, this mini line really speed up our internal R&D and debugging tool and also even can do the joint development with the customer process, too. So it's really well spend for those money. And the proceeds we got from the -- so the 1.3% from Shanghai here, definitely the major purpose for that was spending global customer, global marketing sales. So we see that opportunity really big in the global market. As I mentioned, we do have some differential technology might be the only solution for their AI challenging. So those products, we think will be really gather attention from the global customer. So we have spent money and building the international strong sales channel and also where we already had a Korea manufacturer base already. And however, with this geographic tariff going on, we have to really minimize the tariff impact, right? So that's why we started assembly tool in the U.S.A. So that will be real reduce our concern or any dynamic changing for those tariff will impact our revenue. So anyway, that's really what we work on. And our goal is very simple. We try to working with satisfy all regulation and requirement and maximize the investor interest, we're building a global sales, global company. That's our goal.

Our next question comes from the line of Jimmy Huang with JPMorgan.

Can you hear me?

Yes, please.

Congrats for the good results. I want to ask about we deliver single-wafer cleaning tools to a Singapore gas foundry. What would be the potential size of shipments in terms of units or dollars this year or next year and next year? This is my first question.

Yes. Very good question. Actually, we have a few tools, we're in the installation process right now, right? This tool will be qualified and go in production this year. And with that, we definitely will induce more of a cleaning tool. And also, we do have a copper plating and in -- behind. So that really will give us exposure of product in the Asian market. And so this will be real making more of, I call it, confidence and also get a high interest from other players in Asia and the market, too. So we see this will be a bigger milestone and for us, and plus we're not only looking at the customer only in Singapore, and we do have a customer in Korea and also we have a customer potentially in Taiwan. So we have really confidence we should have expanding quickly in the Asia market. And plus, again, we're also very focusing on our U.S. market, too. We do have advanced packaging tool PO and receiving and we should deliver by end of this year. And we see a lot of potential going on in the U.S. market, too. Again, because today, all the memory or logic, they are AI driven for their advanced technology. ACM, I want to say I feel good technology we needed for their production line. We believe that will be beneficial for the customer and also can help expansion of market to global. So it's a great opportunity because, again, innovation is a key and every customer and every key customer, they all demand for innovation technology, which will probably fit our strategy.

Yes. Yes. So for Singapore business, how is the chance that we penetrate to Singapore gas memory makers in the next few years? And my second question is for advanced packaging. We are making great process. But for Taiwan, Taiwanese foundries and OSATs are leading the panel-level packaging for AI GPUs . Could we talk about our POP progress with potential Taiwanese players? Do we have any like order forecast or purchase orders in -- from Taiwanese potential customers?

Yes. Actually, we are talking to a few key customers, right, even the panel large size, 515 x 510. And also, we're talking about their 310 x 310, right, which is a true vision right now, people try to push in. So we have very good exposure to those customers. By the way, April 7, 8, we have -- we're attending the panel conference in Taiwan. In that conference, we do the keynote speaker about the horizontal plating and also our vacuum cleaning technology. So that's really a lot of exciting, I want to say, interest coming. And also, I said -- I heard everybody say panel product or equipment, they're probably satisfy all other products, except plating. So plating become a bottleneck for their production expansion. So with that demand, I said we are the only one supplying horizontal plating. You probably heard that is the one key player in Taiwan, they said they only want horizontal plating. They don't want vertical. So our horizontal plating perfect fit their strategy or their demand. So as I said, really, we see a big opportunity and with our panel product. Actually, we're not only trying to introduce so far 3 products, right, panel plating, vacuum cleaning and also the bevel. We can develop also additional coater, developer, wet etcher, cleaning all kind of wet tool we are putting in. So that's really what we catch this wave of the panel, I call shift, right, for the advanced packaging. So we're in a very good position for those coming panel, advanced packaging expanding. We're very excited about this opportunity, right?

Yes. But do you know like in which kind of periods, quarters it will be more clear that whether we will have any order forecast or purchase orders for this POP equipment?

Well, let's put this way, we announced that we do have also PO from outside Mainland China, right? I mean we said already. So you know what I mean here. So -- and then we're continually expanding more, right? So again, I want to say this year, we have a confidence cash additional PO for our bevel, for our vacuum cleaning and also for the horizontal copper plating, not only in Taiwan market, we also see the opportunity in Korea, also in Singapore, by the way. So it's very exciting.

Yes. Maybe I can squeeze in my last question about the investor FAQ that ACM has disposed a small portion of stake in ACM Shanghai. How do we think about more further such disposal in the future? You mentioned that U.S. international capacity builds will require more funding. Will we dispose more stakes of ACM Shanghai in the future?

Repeat the question again. I'm sorry. Can you repeat again?

He's asking, are we going to sell more of our ACM Shanghai?

I see. I see. Okay. We sold 1.3% already, right? And we got a proceed of about $111 million. And we do have both arms to raise money. We can raise in U.S., we can raise in Shanghai. We're very flexible for what we're choosing, number one. And at this moment, I want to say our Shanghai stock is still -- we think it's still undervalued, okay, with our growth. So we maybe consider what the money demand and the time line, also what's the stock pricing in Shanghai. We decide where or when we should sell additional or not. And plus, as we have silver arm, we can raise the money in U.S.A. So it's quite flexible for us to raise the fund. And at this moment, I want to say, obviously we'll continue investing more in global market, and we have no concern for those money where it come from, right? We are very confident. We also have another , another tool we can get the money anyway.

Thank you. Seeing no more questions in the queue. Let me turn the call back over to Steven Pelayo for closing remarks.

Okay. Great. Before we conclude, I just want to give everyone a quick reminder on our upcoming investor conferences. On March 9, we will participate virtually in Loop Capital Markets' Seventh Annual Investor Conference for one-on-one meetings. On March 23 and 24, we will present at the 38th Annual ROTH Conference in Dana Point, California. Attendance at the conference is by invitation only. For interested investors, please contact your respective sales representative to register and schedule one-on-one meetings with the management team. This concludes the call, and you may now disconnect. Take care.