Thank you for standing by. My name is Brianna and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I'd like to welcome everyone to the Kinsale Capital Group, Inc. Third Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. Please note that this call is being recorded. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. [Operator Instructions].

Before we get started, let me remind everyone that through the course of the teleconference, Kinsale's management may make comments that reflect their intentions, beliefs and expectations for the future. As always, these forward-looking statements are subject to certain risk factors which could cause actual results to differ materially.

These risk factors are listed in the company's various SEC filings, including the 2023 annual report on Form 10-K, which should be reviewed carefully. The company has furnished a Form 8-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission that contains the press release announcing its third quarter results.

Kinsale's management may also reference non-GAAP financial measures in the call today. A reconciliation of GAAP to these measures can be found in the press release which is available at the company's website at www.kinsalecapitalgroup.com. I will now turn the conference over to Kinsale's Chairman and CEO, Mr. Michael Kehoe. Please go ahead, sir..

Thank you, operator. And good morning, everyone. As usual, Bryan Petrucelli, our CFO, and Brian Haney, our President and COO, are joining me on the call this morning. In the third quarter 2024, Kinsale's operating earnings per share increased 27% and gross written premium grew by 19% over the third quarter of 2023.

For the quarter, the company posted a combined ratio of 75.7% and a nine-month annualized operating return on equity of 28.2%. Kinsale's business strategy is the principal driver of these results, and we believe this strategy materially differentiates us from our competitors. We control our own underwriting absolutely, driving a more accurate process.

We provide the best customer service and the broadest risk appetite in the E&S marketplace. We operate at an enormous expense advantage in a business where our customers care intensely about price. Our expertise in technology not only results in lower costs, but it also allows Kinsale to drive a highly quantitative approach to managing the business.

These advantages, we believe, have real durability to them, and they inspire confidence about our ability to generate strong returns and continue to grow the business in all market environments. The overall E&S market in the third quarter was generally steady, but with a continued increase in competition.

As usual, there is not one overall E&S market, but instead a series of smaller submarkets, each with its own unique level of competition. As a consequence, rate changes and growth rates and intensity of competition for Kinsale varies by quite a bit by underwriting division.

Generally, we continue to see strong growth in new business submission activity, slightly positive overall rate changes across the book of business, and rational but increasing levels of competition. Brian Haney will have some additional commentary on this topic here in a moment. Kinsale natural catastrophe losses in the quarter were modest.

Quarterly loss activity includes both hurricanes Francine and Helene as well as a variety of smaller events. As a reminder, we target cat exposed property because the margins on that business are generally attractive, but we are also mindful of the potential volatility and use a cautious risk management strategy to keep that volatility under control.

Hurricane Milton struck the west coast of Florida early in the fourth quarter as a Category 3 storm. Although it is still early in the loss adjustment process, we estimate our total after tax Milton losses to be under $10 million.

In our press release last night, we announced that our board of directors had approved a $100 million share buyback program.

We are mindful that Kinsale shares trade at a relatively high price to earnings multiple, but we are also confident in our business strategy and our ability to drive best-in-class results and take market share in the years ahead.

Accordingly, we believe modest repurchases each quarter with the possibility of larger more opportunistic purchases from time to time are in the best interest of our stockholders who, like us, expect to hold the shares for the long term. With that, I'm going to turn the call over to Bryan Petrucelli..

Thanks, Mike. Another strong quarter from a profitability perspective with net income and net operating earnings increasing by 50.1% and 26.8%, respectively.

The 75.7% combined ratio for the quarter included 2.8 points from net favorable prior-year loss reserve development compared to 3.2 points last year, with 3.8 points in cat losses this year compared to less than a 0.5 point and 2.3 points last year. We produced a 19.6% expense ratio in the third quarter compared to 20.9% last year.

The expense ratio continues to benefit from seating commissions generated on the company's casualty and commercial property quota share reinsurance agreements and from the company's intense focus on managing expenses on a daily basis.

On the investment side, net investment income increased by 46.4% in the third quarter over last year as a result of continued growth in the investment portfolio, generated from strong operating cash flows and higher interest rates. The annualized gross return was 4.3% for the year so far compared to 3.9% last year.

New money yields are averaging in the mid to high 4% range and average duration slightly over three years. Diluted operating earnings per share continues to improve and was $4.20 per share for the quarter compared to $3.31 per share for the third quarter of 2023. A couple of comments regarding the share buyback program that Mike just touched on.

We view the repurchase program as an addition to our capital allocation strategy along with our quarterly dividends. As a reminder, we really have no interest in M&A and no plans for extraordinary dividends in the near term.

Additionally, the plan will have no expiration and we would expect routine modest buybacks each quarter, in part to minimize the dilutive effect of share-based awards, and larger purchases to be made opportunistically from time to time. With that, I'll pass it over to Brian Haney..

Thanks, Bryan. As mentioned earlier, premium grew 19% in the third quarter, down from 21% growth and 26% in the first.

This modest slowdown in growth has occurred in part because we are seeing increased competition, particularly on some larger accounts in our commercial property division as well as certain professional liability and product liability lines. That being said, a majority of our divisions, including commercial property, are still growing.

Growth in our casualty business overall has been steady and is particularly strong in our general casualty and excess casualty divisions. There's been some commentary among reinsurers and in the press that casualty reserves for the industry may be deficient. That's for the industry, not Kinsale.

So, this gives us some optimism about this space in the medium term as unfavorable development may cause some stress for our competitors and force some of them to enter book correction mode.

Overall, property growth in the quarter was favorable with our commercial property division slowing somewhat while the small business property division continues to grow at a more rapid clip. It looks at this point like Hurricane Milton may be a top ten historical loss, so that may arrest the downward trend in property for some time.

That remains to be seen. The specialty and professional lines areas are among the most competitive, particularly management liability, but there are some pockets that are more favorable than others, and we have not yet seen as an industry the deterioration of reserves for those lines yet.

We may at some point see the same reserving issues in those lines we are now seeing in casualty. Again for the industry. I'm not speaking about Kinsale. We worked really hard to maintain our track record of reserves that are more likely to develop favorably than adversely.

The transportation divisions are growing nicely, especially our commercial auto division, and we are seeing growth in the personal line space, especially our high value homeowners division as more homeowners business moves to the inner space. There's a lot of room for us for future growth in those two areas.

New business submission growth continues to be strong, around 23% for the quarter, a very slight acceleration from the second quarter. This number is subject to some variability, but in general, we have used submissions as a leading indicator of growth, and so we see the submission growth as a positive signal.

Turning to rates, we see rates up being around 3% on a nominal basis down modestly from around 6% last quarter. It's important to keep in mind the market isn't a monolith. In some areas, our rates are growing up higher and some they're going up lower.

In some target areas, we may cut rates because the margins are so high that we feel the trade-off between rate and growth is worthwhile. But overall, we feel that the business we are putting on the books is very strongly priced and the margins are really good. Overall, we remain optimistic.

The results are good, our growth prospects are good, and as a low cost provider in our space, we have a durable competitive advantage that should allow us to continually and gradually take market share from our higher expense competitors while continuing to deliver strong returns and build wealth for our investors.

And with that, I'll hand it back over to Mike..

Thanks, Brian. Operator, we're now ready for any questions on the call..

[Operator Instructions]. Our first question comes from the line of Bill Carcache with Wolfe Research..

It was great to see the buyback announcement and maybe wanted to start off with the clarification on sort of how we should think about the share repurchase program. It would be great if you could perhaps give a little bit more color on the magnitude that we should be thinking about.

You've had a little bit of modest upward drift in your share count over the years.

So is this something that we should think of as sort of just maintaining the share count where it is or does it actually come down? I'm just wondering, given your average daily volume in your shares, does that pose any sort of constraint on anything kind of more sizable happening? Maybe if you could just give a little bit more context there, that would be great..

Bill, this is Mike. The overall $100 million authorization is a very modest buyback overall and we would expect to use a very small percentage of that on a quarterly basis. So it won't offset the dilution from the restricted shares, but it'll minimize it. It's kind of a gradual start to this new capital allocation strategy.

And it's essentially a function of our growth rate having slowed down a little bit, whereas the margins are quite strong. And we like the idea of maintaining a high level of capital efficiency. We want to have enough capital to operate the business and protect our financial rating, but we don't want to have a lot of extra..

That makes a lot of sense. I wanted to also follow up on your comments. I was hoping that you could discuss the competitive landscape, the impact that you're expecting on the competitive landscape in the aftermath of the hurricanes..

I think the short answer is it's too soon to tell. The industry loss estimates I think vary from the high teams up to $50 billion. So it's a significant amount of insured loss. It wouldn't shock us that it arrested – some of the increased competition we've seen on some of the larger property schedules in the southeast.

I think we just have to wait to see..

If I could squeeze in one more here and then I'll get back in the queue. It would be helpful if maybe you could characterize the flow of business that you see migrating between E&S and standard markets. It feels like it's a question every quarter, but any sort of perspective that you could provide.

And I know it's also, again, probably still too early, but to the extent there could be any changes there as a result of this quarter's cat events..

I think the E&S market continues to grow at a healthy clip. If you look at some of the surplus lines tax data that's published in the big E&S States like California and whatnot, that seems to support that idea. Our submission, our flow of new business submissions continues to grow at a good clip.

I would just note that that is a little bit offset by just a general uptick in the level of competition. It's not uniform across the book, kind of consistent with Brian Haney's comments and mine earlier in the call. There's a lot of smaller sub markets.

And so, we have some areas where the competition is quite intense, other areas where we're still seeing very strong double digit growth. But if you had to kind of generalize across the whole E&S marketplace, I would just say there has been a relative uptick in the level of competition.

And I think that's reflected in the – our growth rate dropped, I think, from 21% down to 19% from the second to the third quarter..

Our next question comes from the line of Mike Zaremski with BMO Capital Markets. Please go ahead..

This is Dan on for Mike. Just the first question on pricing, continues to take a downward trend for you all about 3 to 4 points, quarter over quarter.

Just wondering, is this still above loss trend for the quarter? Could you just unpack what lines, areas, maybe the biggest movers underlying that change?.

Dan, we've got some divisions where we're getting double digit rate increases. We've got some divisions that are getting single-digit, but well above loss cost trend rate increases that's, in particular, on longer tail casualty lines.

So if you think for Kinsale, that would be excess casualty, excess professional liability, construction related liability business. And then we have some divisions where we're cutting rates below trend. I would kind of just remind everybody, if you look at our operating return on equity for the quarter, I think it was just over 28%.

That means half of our book of business is producing returns in excess of that. And so, we think it's prudent to trade away, if you will, some of that, call it, excess profitability in order to maintain better growth rates in certain segments of our book of business.

The 3% nominal rate increase for the quarter is a – that's across the whole book of business. We don't really manage the book monolithically. We manage it one product at a time. But that would be the average across the book..

Makes sense. And then just switching over to cats and specifically on Milton, could you just take a step back and walk us through how your exposure to Milton winds up? Ian was about $20 million and we think we've grown more to property, specifically in Florida since.

And then just on that same gear, would you expect the overall business mix of property to fall into 2025?.

I'm going to answer those in reverse order. We're seeing a much more competitive market on the larger property schedules. So where the brokers have to layer the placement of the coverage. You're seeing some companies offer bigger primary lines and there's some downward pressure on rates there.

Now they're coming off a 20-year high, so they're, I think, still very attractive rates, but pre-Milton, there was an uptick in competition there. On the smaller property, we're still seeing very strong growth rates and strong rate increases. So, again, it depends where you are in the marketplace, the level of competition you might expect.

And then given with the Milton loss and some of the other smaller hurricanes, we'll see where the market goes here in the near term. It's really, I think, a little bit too soon to tell.

In terms of comparing our Ian loss in the third quarter of 2022 with Milton, the big difference there is we had a much larger personal lines loss in Ian and we took a lot of corrective action there to kind of reform that book of business. And I think that's part of the reason why we saw a much more modest loss in Milton.

And I'm not positive, but I think Milton actually hit as a Category 3. Ian may have been a little bit more intense a storm, but I'm not positive about that..

Our next question comes from the line of Mark Hughes with Truist..

Can you comment on the trajectory of the competition as you went through the quarter and maybe extending into October? Do you think that has stabilized or has it gotten a little more severe as the quarter progressed? How do you see that?.

I don't really have anything to offer on the progression of competition across the quarter, Mark, but I would just remind you that Kinsale targets, for the most part, small commercial accounts. And so, over the year, we're probably going to see 900,000 new business submissions, give or take.

I don't know what that works out to on a monthly basis, but it's a very high volume of small transactions. As I said before, the level of competition varies quite a bit by line of business. We have some competitors that are disciplined, underwriting companies that have long histories of underwriting to a profit.

Obviously, that's what we aspire to do here at Kinsale. We have other competitors that are hyper aggressive. It's not unusual. We see somebody quoting a policy at 50% of our technical price. So it's a mixed bag. But I don't really have anything to offer on an intra-quarter..

In the casualty, if we look at just broad brush property versus casualty, casualty decelerated a little bit with high teens that had been running in the mid-20s. Is there any particular areas you would highlight? I think you touched on a lot of this. So excuse me if this is redundant, but just kind of approaching it from a different direction.

The slowdown this quarter and is there potential for that to bounce back in subsequent quarters? Or is this kind of where the market is at this point?.

Well, I think our casualty business, just like all of our business, it does ebb and flow a little bit month by month, week by week. I would say in general, casualty has been fairly steady over the last year or so.

In terms of where the market goes from here, I think the things that would give us a sense of optimism in the near term would be the volume of cat losses in the last couple months that the industry has had to absorb.

Brian Haney made some comments around a lot of reinsurers are discussing kind of a perceived reserve weakness in casualty lines across the industry, not Kinsale, but for the industry. To the extent that that's accurate, that could cause the market to tighten a little bit on the casualty side. Loss trends continue to be pernicious.

Litigation financing and nuclear verdicts. There's all sorts of reasons why the market could be a little bit more favorable down the road than it is today. We don't have any special insight into where the market will be. For now, I would say very competitive, but relatively static..

And then any way to characterize the competition, I assume this is impacting your bind rate, the submissions are up, new business presumably is being – you're not getting as many binds on a percentage basis..

It can also be mix of business. Mark, it can also be mix of business, right? So the commercial property is one of our 25 underwriting divisions that happens to target a little bit larger accounts than average.

And so, the uptick in competition there is probably shifting the mix of business in a way that makes it look like our growth rate – or not makes it look. I mean, it is impacting our growth rate more so than maybe hit ratios..

Any way to characterize who is acting who's being more competitive? Is it across the board? Is it a handful of players, MGAs?.

Yeah, I would look at some of the schedule P exhibits in your big front-end companies. They're kind of interesting..

Our next question comes from the line of Andrew Anderson with Jefferies..

The underlying loss ratio of 55% improved quite a bit year-over-year, but at the same time, you mentioned a 3% rate increase against what I think was a high 5% loss trend last quarter. So I'm just trying to think about how the improvement kind of materialized here against a challenging rate-first-trend environment..

Andrew, this is Mike. Our financials at the end of a given quarter are a composite of actual claim activity versus actuarial assumptions and the like. And so, the easiest explanation is we continue to overperform in terms of our loss activity against actuarial assumptions.

We did highlight in the Q maybe the one exception to that is we have seen, for some of those older accident years, the construction-related liability business drift up to a little bit higher loss ratios, and we've addressed that in all sorts of ways, higher prices, tighter coverage, different geographic mix of business in our construction area.

We've been booking those construction-related loss ratios at a much higher level. So, it's a big mix of activity, but I would just say that, this quarter, and this is consistent going back a number of years, our actual loss activity came in below our expectations..

Could we maybe size within the 55%, how much of the improvement is coming from the property book, which you've been growing quite a bit versus the casualty book, which is maybe an area I would think you're still booking relatively conservatively?.

I think we book conservatively across the board, but obviously casualty is much longer tailed than property, but I can't really kind of break that apart for you on a conference call, but I would say this, the property business we've written, even including the recent cat activity has been quite profitable for Kinsale..

Our next question comes from the line of Scott Heleniak with RBC..

Just the expense ratio was down quite a bit below 20%, lower than it's been running the past few quarters.

I know you get a benefit from seating commissions, but any sense of what kind of run rate to use for the next few quarters? Is it going to be kind of in the 19% to around 20% or is it going to drift higher? Is this kind of a sustainable run rate, you think?.

Scott, it does bounce around a little bit quarter to quarter, but I think you're looking at sort of our nine-month expense ratio is 20.5. That's probably as good a gauge as any..

I wanted to ask about the high-value homeowners. I know you mentioned that last quarter. You mentioned it again. Just talk about how the opportunity is there and what kind of growth you might see over the next few years in that business.

It does seem like a lot of it is migrating and will continue to and how you're going to mitigate the risk on that type of business?.

High value homeowners is it's a geographic mix. It's western states where there's homes exposed to wildfire. It's coastal southeastern business, etc. And it's a cat exposed book in large part and we manage cat risk, whether it's residential or commercial business the same way, do very good underwriting.

We have strict controls on concentration of business. We buy a lot of reinsurance. We model the portfolio every month, etc. I would say high value homeowners is growing rapidly from a small base. So I think personalized business for Kinsale overall is maybe 2.5% of our book.

But we are optimistic that that will continue to grow nicely and be a nice profit center for the company in the years ahead. There is, of course, interesting shift of some homeowners business into the market. I think some of that's driven by cat exposures. I think some of it's driven by regulatory issues for standard lines companies.

So, we'll see where that plays out. But we're cautiously optimistic..

Is that also going to be in – you mentioned Western California, is also going to be in the Texas, Florida, New York and some of those other big markets as well? Or is it mostly focused in the west at this point?.

I think it's kind of a split and I can't remember the exact status as of today. But western states plus southeast/ I think ultimately we'll be writing personalized business throughout the country..

Our next question comes from the line of Rowland Mayor with Oppenheimer..

In the 10-Q, you call out some adverse development in construction defects book.

Any chance you could size that and talk through sort of the lines of business where you still see favorable for area development?.

I think we're seeing favorable development across almost the whole book. Construction, like I talked about a little while ago, we've done all sorts of things over the last five years to make sure that we're driving very strong returns there. I would say this, our property business has been profitable, I think, throughout our company's history.

It has just lagged a little bit and I think in large part that's due to the uptick in inflation, and given the long tail nature of some of the property claims, particularly around construction defect, water intrusion type claims. So again, we've pushed up pricing dramatically over the years. We've tightened coverage.

We've changed the geographic mix of business. We're booking those losses at a much higher level. But you make a bunch of changes and because it's long tail business, you don't know definitively how that's going to impact the margin. So we just have to see how that business develops in the years ahead.

But in general, I think we're doing the right thing there..

A number of your standard lines peers, as you've referenced, have taken some commercial casualty charges in the last 12 months.

If you look at sort of your reserves today and loss development, are you layering in any extra caution or extending the timeline when you do your reserve reviews? And have you ever quantified sort of your loss trend assumption for the casualty business?.

I don't know that we have or have not. I think we have our – I think it's around 6%, but it's going to vary quite a bit by line of business.

What was the first question?.

As you're studying reserves today, given sort of the industry backdrop and sort of standard line peers taking charges, are you putting any extra conservatism in there or extending sort of the timeline of your reviews?.

Yeah, we have addressed that a number of times over the last couple of years. Starting about, I think, five or six years ago, we started to get, of course, the acceleration in premium growth. But at the same time, we're getting rate increases ahead of loss cost trend. Not for one year, but for year after year after year after year, et cetera.

And so, I think we've been fairly vocal about the fact that, in addition to producing really compelling margins, we've also been adding to the level of conservatism in our reserves. And that's why we've said a number of times over the years that we're confident that our reserves are in the most conservative position they've ever been in.

And I think there's all sorts of reasons why that's warranted. Not so much our competitors, but more just the uptick in inflation, a high loss cost trend, nuclear verdicts, litigation financing, social inflation. The tort system is very dynamic and I think conservatism is warranted.

But I do think our investors should have a lot of confidence in the integrity of our balance sheet..

Just one more on the balance sheet.

I know you haven't actually done any of the buybacks yet, but should the announcement there be taken as a sign of future growth expectations or is it just the capital generation has gotten so high that you have the opportunity to do an authorization now?.

Well, I think we've been vocal about the fact that we think our long-term growth opportunity is best estimated in the 10% to 20% range. And we're producing at least through nine months, just over a 28% operating return on equity.

So with that growth expectation against that level of profitability, we are sitting on some excess capital today and that will continue to grow, I think, at a pretty healthy clip. So that's really the driver..

Congrats on the quarter..

Our next question comes from the line of Casey Alexander with Compass Point..

For Brian Haney, as you said, the business is not a monolith. There's a lot of different slices to the business. And I'm just wondering, when you talk about your conversations with the reinsurers regarding some casualty reserve insufficiency across the industry, not Kinsale, recognizing that, there's a lot of different slices to casualty.

Are they giving you any indication as to where in some of those slices that maybe we ought to have a finger in the wind as we think about other companies in this space?.

Yeah, the two biggest areas within casualty as a whole, where I think you would see the worst of that for the industry, are excess casualty and commercial auto. That's the short answer..

Bryan Petrucelli, this is minor, but I'm just kind of wondering because fee income generally follows the cadence of the overall business. And yet, in this quarter, fee income was down quarter-over-quarter relative to a business in a book that grew quarter-over-quarter. I'm just wondering it's kind of curious to me..

I don't think there's anything significant there, Casey. I think if you look at fee income as a percentage of gross written premium over a period of time, that'll give you a pretty good gauge as to where to look going forward..

Our next question comes from the line of Pablo Singzon with J.P. Morgan..

With your recent growth in the high teens and low 20s, you're running closer to the long term growth that you spoke about. Right. I'll just talk mid-teens, that 10% to 20%.

So should we think about that growth as a through the cycle target that could potentially fall below? I think in 2015, 2016, for example, you grew high single, they're just low teens or is the business in a different position today? Clearly, much bigger, right? But maybe it's scale or a number of policy you have where you can potentially be a bit more aggressive on the gross margin tradeoff..

Pablo, you're breaking up a little bit there, but I think you were asking like our growth expectations..

Yeah, yeah. Sorry, repeating myself. I'm sorry about that. So your recent growth, high teens, low 20s, that's much closer to your long term growth target.

Right? So your long term growth target, should we think about that as a through the cycle target? Meaning, you could potentially fall below mid-teens? And I think in the past, you did grow high single digits or low teens, say, in 2015 or 2016 or is the business in a different position today where maybe it's size or scale or number products you have where you can be a bit more aggressive in terms of the gross margin trade-off, right? So maybe you don't pull the low teens, right, because you can grow faster just given where you are today.

Just wanted to get your thoughts on how are you thinking about that?.

I would start by saying this. We don't actually know what the growth rate is going to look like. It's a function of, again, the intensity of the competition, how aggressive the competition is in pricing risk, the mix of business, etc.

But I would say you know the 10% to 20% is a good faith estimate as what we think we can grow over the long term in a very big mature industry like P&C. E&S tends to grow a little bit quicker than the overall P&C market. And we think because of the variety of competitive advantages, we can outgrow the E&S market.

And so, I think that 10% to 20% is a good estimate. Is it possible we could you know go above that or below it on any given quarter? Yeah, sure it is.

But I think given the size of the company, the diversity of our product line, the competitive advantages we have, the margins in our business that allow us to be a little bit more competitive if we want to be on certain lines, I think that's a good estimate..

Second question, with the market getting more competitive, as you referenced, I was just curious, have you seen any change in retention in your book, right? I don't think that's a metric that that's really been discussed on your calls.

But I think E&S has naturally lower retention than admitted business and I'm just curious to hear how that's trended for you over the past hard market and now where things are getting more competitive?.

My experience going back 25 plus years at three different E&S companies is, we tend to retain about two-thirds of our policies year-over-year. In a hard market where you're getting dramatic rate increases, sometimes the premium retention can go above that quite a bit.

But in general, I think that two-thirds is a good benchmark for Kinsale and probably a lot of our competitors, both in terms of policy count and premium..

Third question, I think if I remember correctly in the first quarter of this year, you bumped up your catastrophe loss picks to reflect just general environment, your views on loss trends, etc.

Is that a formal process that takes place every quarter? Or is that something that could pop up in any given period just depending on your views of the market at that time?.

Every quarter, we look at actual claim activity, reported losses, settled claims, etc., change in case reserves and then we compare that actual activity against all the actuarial assumptions we have in terms of reporting patterns, payout patterns, expected loss ratios, by accident year, by line of business. Obviously, it's a very extensive analysis.

And then, of course, you're making adjustments to your assumptions to, of course, put forth your best estimate, but tempered with a strong measure of conservatism. So we do that every quarter. I think every insurance company does.

I think maybe you're addressing a pattern in our reserving where the current accident year tends to start out higher and, over the course of the year, depending on, again, actual loss activity, sometimes those loss ratios can come down across the calendar year.

But we're constantly looking at and evaluating and adjusting our reserve assumptions to make sure we're on track..

I'll just squeeze in one more, if you will. I just wanted to hear you talk about the thought process of choosing share buybacks over other forms of capital return, maybe like a special dividend. And you did mention that you recognize that your stock trades [indiscernible] multiple. And I'm sure share buybacks, in your analysis, provided some benefits.

But if you talk through the thought process of how you landed on share buybacks versus other forms of capital allocation..

As Bryan said, we're not interested in acquisitions and we appreciate that the stock trades at a high price to earnings. I think a lot of people look at price to book. That's not a metric that we tend to put much confidence in because every insurance company has different levels of redundant capital.

And so, you end up with an apples and orange comparison. If you look at our stock, we evaluate where we think our share price is going in the future against the S&P. We have, since we've been public back in 2016, we've beat the S&P seven out of eight years. And if you were to include 2024 in that, it would be eight out of nine.

We think we've got a very interesting business model with some competitive advantages that have real durability to them. And we're long-term holders, right? So, I think it's a little bit easier for us to be comfortable with buying back our own stock than maybe other people that kind of are skeptical around the valuation.

Admittedly, it's a judgment call. But I would also say this, the buybacks we're talking about are very modest. So I'm not sure they're going to move the needle one way or the other here in the near term. But for people like us that expect to hold these shares well into the future, I think over time it will be material.

And I think long term it's going to be quite positive for the stockholders of Kinsale..

Seeing no further questions at this time, I will now turn the call back to Mike for any closing remarks..

Okay. Well, thank you, everybody, for joining us today, and we look forward to speaking with you again soon. Have a great day..

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you all for your participation. You may now disconnect..