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Good day, everyone, and welcome to the Williams First Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call. Today's conference is being recorded. At this time, for opening remarks and introductions, I would like to turn the call over to Mr. Danilo Juvane, Vice President of Investor Relations, ESG, and Investment Analysis. Please go ahead.

Thanks, Ari, and good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us and for your interest in The Williams Companies. Yesterday afternoon, we released our earnings press release and the presentation that our President and CEO, Alan Armstrong, and our Chief Financial Officer, John Porter, will speak to this morning. Also joining us on the call today are Larry Larson, our Chief Operating Officer, Lane Wilson, our General Counsel, and Chad

Okay, well, thanks, Danilo, and thank you all for joining us today. We do have a very positive story to share with you on our first quarter performance, which was really driven by the exceptional results within our base business in this quarter. But before I dive into my remarks, I do want to welcome Larry Larson, our new Chief Operating Officer, to the call. This is technically day two for Larry, but he's been a valuable member of the Williams team for more than 25 years. So I know you're going to come to value his perspective and knowledge of our operations just as you have enjoyed that from Michael Dunn, who did retire this past Friday. So Larry has served as an important member of Michael's leadership team over the past several years, so this will be a seamless transition with Larry carrying forward the commitment to excellence that Michael had established in all aspects of our operations. Obviously, some other leadership changes to hit on, but I'll save my remarks on that matter for the end of the call. So beginning here on Slide two, it really is staggering when you step back and consider all the facets of our businesses that are providing high return growth opportunities. The positive results in the near term, like the 9% growth this year, coupled with an improved credit rating already, continue to speak for themselves, but the continued string of very high return projects suggest that we are in the early innings of this long horizon of growth. So let me just share a few of the drivers for my optimism on this level of growth continuing. First, we will be a big beneficiary of the fast-rising data center power load, and we are very encouraged by the uptake we are seeing on the new model we have brought to market and the indirect business we are seeing on our gas transmission systems that is showing up as very high return large-scale expansions. Socrates is our first example on the direct service front, and we talked first about this project during our earnings call in February, and since then we have fully contracted this project that will deliver speed-to-market solutions for the growing data center demand in Ohio. Williams will invest approximately $1.6 billion to provide committed power generation and associated gas pipeline infrastructure for our customer in this area, and the project is backed by a 10-year fixed price power purchase agreement with an opportunity to extend the contract for another five years and beyond. Importantly, we expect the project to generate earnings consistent with a 5x EBITDA bill multiple, an impressive return given the low-risk nature of the power purchase agreement, and the fact that this project does not leverage Williams' existing asset footprint to a meaningful degree. We are full steam ahead on this project and anticipate completing the build-out in the second half of 2026. We also have two other projects that are utilizing the same model in flight now and have ordered equipment that has the same backstopping agreements that we used in the original Socrates project. Much more to come on this, but it is clear that we have a model that works for this customer base and the opportunities are developing fast in the space. Next, on the indirect side, we are pleased to announce Transco's Power Express Pipeline, a 950 million cubic feet per day expansion to markets north of Station 165, helping to serve the power-hungry Virginia area. The project is backed by a significant commitment from an anchor shipper and will utilize existing right-of-ways and infrastructure to dramatically reduce permitting risk and provide scalability. This project will provide the same kind of return as our CESI project and the demand for this capacity has been robust. And finally, we acquired a 10 percent interest in Cogentrix Energy, closing on this deal in early March. This investment enhances our sequent market intelligence and gives Williams insight into how to better serve the emerging power markets with natural gas supply. Importantly, we are excited to be working with the Quantum team on this business and to ensure that the gas supply is optimized for these gas-fired power plants. Next, turning to our operational execution, our team continues to flawlessly deliver on a string of high-return projects that will accelerate earnings growth throughout the balance of the year. This quarter, we successfully placed two projects into service, the Southeast Energy Connector in Alabama and the Texas to Louisiana Energy Pathway along the Gulf Coast. These fully contracted Transco expansions were designed to reduce land use and minimize community and environmental impacts while also delivering clean and affordable natural gas volumes to the region. These projects demonstrate both LNG export growth and coal-to-gas conversion opportunities. Our project execution team continues to deliver on projects throughout this year, starting construction on another expansion in the southeast on Transco, the leg project in Haynesville, and out west on our overthrust westbound expansion. These projects represent nearly 2 BCF a day coming online for the balance of this year. Also, in the deepwater, the deepwater really is coming on strong this year and shows no signs of slowing down. We recently completed two expansions that add significant earnings growth. The well expansion went into service in the first quarter and has been ramping up through the first quarter, and Chevron's Valley Moor started up two weeks ago. Both of prospects are large-scale and will be significant contributors for the balance of the year. Additionally, in the deepwater, both the Shenandoah and Salamanca floaters are now being commissioned, and these will drive a significant cash flows across our discovery assets, which is now wholly-owned. These projects are expected to make meaningful contributions in the third quarter. And finally, let me just hit on a few key financial highlights from the quarter before I turn it over to John to walk through the results in detail. First of all, we are raising our adjusted EBITDA guidance midpoint by $50 million to $7.7 million, driven by our strong-based business performance and our Cogentrix investment addition. Our CapEx increase of $925 million reflects the update that we provided with the announcement of our Socrates project. And also in recognition of the resilient business model and balance sheet strength, we received an S&P credit rating upgrade to BBB Plus during the quarter, and very recently were assigned a positive outlook by Moody's. The strength of the base business was really the story in the first quarter, with both the Transmission & Gulf hitting new record EBITDA and strong rebounds from the west and northeast gathering. In the Transmission & Gulf, this record was driven by both record contract gas transmission capacity and record gathering processing and storage fee-based revenue. So the transmission business, we again saw now a record in the long-term transmission capacity, but also saw the fee-based revenue in the deepwater and in our storage business picked up. In the west, it was driven by strong gathering volume rebounds and bolt-on acquisitions. Given the strong volumes we are currently seeing, we expect to see more records surpassed again in the second quarter. Speaking of the second quarter, this marks the 37th consecutive quarter of meeting or beating consensus, and that is on top of this was the eighth time that we've raised our guidance during the same period. So lastly, we increased Williams quarterly dividend in the quarter up 5.3% to $0.50 per share, and demonstrating continued commitment to Williams' longstanding and well-covered dividend program. And with that, I'm going to turn it over to John.

All right. Thanks, Alan. Starting here on Slide three, with a closer look at our adjusted EBITDA performance, which was up 3% over the first quarter of 2024, excluding the marketing business, our adjusted EBITDA was up 5% with growth across all the other segments. Our overall first quarter '25 results were basically right on top of our business plan. Additionally, I will note that our business plan anticipated our first quarter to show the least amount of quarterly growth over '24, with our forward 2Q through 4Q'25 quarters each showing substantially higher growth rates. In other words, we expect growth over the prior year will accelerate each quarter through the remainder of the year. I'll address our current thoughts on full year performance in a moment. Walking now from last year's $1.934 billion to this year's record $1.989 billion, we start with our Transmission & Gulf business, which improved $23 million, or 3%, setting an all-time record due primarily to higher revenues from expansion projects. At Transco, we had increases from regional energy access, southside reliability enhancement, and partial quarter contributions from Carolina Market Link. We also continued to see growth from our storage businesses, with renewals at Gulf Coast Storage and NorTex coming in at higher rates as we had expected from those two acquisitions, as well as incremental contributions from our market-based rates at our Washington Storage Facility. In the Gulf, we saw contributions from our Discovery acquisition, as well as initial contributions from our Whale project that were partially offset by some maintenance and producer issues. Even with those issues, we saw about a 12% increase in Gulf gathering volumes and about 42% higher NGL production. Lastly for this segment, I'll just note that although our new Transco rates went into effect on March 1, you're not really seeing much of an impact here as we continue to maintain a conservative reserve pending the final settlement. Next, our Northeast G&P business improved 10 million, or 2%, primarily on higher revenues, including the effect of higher gathering and processing rates. This segment was unfavorably impacted by the Aux Sable divestiture that we made last August. Overall volumes were basically pretty flat with the first quarter of '24. However, they are up about 6% sequentially over the fourth quarter of '24, and we've continued to see overall additional growth in April. In the West, we were 26 million, or 8% higher, driven by strong margins, Overland Pass Pipeline volumes, and a partial quarter from the Rimrock acquisition that closed at the end of January. We did have a small gain on an asset sale that was under our materiality threshold for adjustment of around $10 million. The West was negatively impacted by a step down in our minimum volume commitments at Eagle Ford. On the volume front, similar to the Northeast, overall volumes were basically pretty flat with the first quarter of '24, but up about 5% sequentially over the fourth quarter of '24, and we've continued to see overall additional growth in April. Our Sequin Marketing business had another strong start to the year with 155 million of adjusted EBITDA, which is the third straight year where our first quarter marketing results exceeded $150 million. However, the 25 results were still down about 34 million overall versus 2024, and this segment did see a small one-month, $3 million contribution from the Cogentrix investment that Alan discussed earlier. And then finally, our upstream business included in our other segment was up about $37 million, and roughly half of that was related to our consolidation of the Wamsutter upstream position effective in November of last year. Also, we did see some overall improvement in gas prices year-over-year. So that gets you to the 1.989 billion of EBITDA for first quarter 25 or 3% growth, which as I mentioned a moment ago should be the lowest growth rate we see this year as we look forward to accelerating growth through the remainder of this year. Now let's move to the next slide and discuss what we're seeing in our outlook for the remainder of 25. As Alan mentioned, we are revising our 2025 adjusted EBITDA guidance upward from a previous midpoint of 7.65 billion to now 7.7 billion, and we're moving the top of the range to 7.9 billion. At 7.7 billion, we will see 9% growth in adjusted EBITDA over 24 and a 9% CAGR from 2020. Our current guidance reflects a solid start to 25, the addition of the Cogentrix investment, and our overall confidence in the growth of our underlying business plus line of sight to an extraordinary number of projects coming online in the near future. Speaking specifically to the segment, in our Transmission & Gulf segment, we look forward to settling our Transco rate case and seeing the contributions from the two transmission projects we recently placed in service, as well as completing six additional transmission projects by the end of this year, and we remain optimistic about continued upside from the recontracting of our storage business. Additionally, in the deep water, we've now completed the Whale and Baltimore projects and still have the Shenandoah and Salamanca projects to go for 2025. In the deep water, we are only in the early stages of a volume ramp that will accelerate through the remainder of the year. In our gathering and processing businesses, we continue to see overall strengthening in our volumes, reflecting our exposure to crucial natural gas-focused basins and our Haynesville expansions, including our large-scale Louisiana Energy Gateway project, which is proceeding very well with expected completion in 3Q25. In our more commodity-exposed upstream and marketing businesses, we've generally lowered our expectations for price and tailwinds. However, we are still well positioned to deliver on our plan for our upstream business, as the combination of our first quarter performance and forward hedge book have basically already locked in about 65% of the expected 2025 revenues, and the majority of the marketing business' plan has been realized through the first quarter. As we've demonstrated over the last 10-plus years, our business is very resilient to commodity price swings and especially insulated from the risk of crude oil downturns associated with economic downturns. Williams continues to be primarily focused on two things, demand for natural gas pipeline capacity and the growth in natural gas volumetric demand. We continue to have confidence in the outlook for both of these, regardless of near-term macroeconomic conditions, and look forward to delivering at least 9% growth this year. And with that, I'll turn it back over to Alan.

Okay, great. Thanks, John. And just a few closing remarks before we turn it over to your questions. I'll start by saying it should be very apparent that our business is firing on all cylinders, and we have a track record of generating predictable growing earnings in a variety of economic cycles, which underscores the value of Williams as a weatherproof long-term investment with a high growth dividend. With an ever-expanding backlog of fully contracted projects extending beyond 2030 and our proven ability to capture new business in emerging markets, Williams is positioned better than any other company to benefit from the coming wave of natural gas demand, from the power generation market, industrial restoring, and LNG exports, while continuing to deliver on traditional market needs. Williams is excelling on all fronts thanks to a strong and energized organization that is very passionate and dedicated to our strategy and to doing the right thing. So, I feel that the time is right for the transition we announced yesterday that effective July 1, Chad

Thanks, Alan. I am truly humbled and honored to be asked to lead Williams in the months and years ahead. The rich history of Williams is truly the story of a great American company, and we have many amazing chapters left to write. Alan, you've been a great mentor, leader, and thought partner for me, and I'm grateful for the trust that you and our Board of Directors have placed in me and in our leadership team to carry Williams' vision forward. Rest assured that there are no major sea changes here and no change in how the compass is set for Williams. Alan and I, together with the entire leadership team, have for years worked closely with our board to craft and continually tune our natural gas focused strategy. And as you've heard today, our strategy continues to deliver with abundant opportunities on the horizon. I look forward to continuing to work with the board and with Alan in his role as Executive Chairman to continue to build on our success. Alan, on behalf of every shareholder and on behalf of every current and former employee that has proudly worn the Williams badge, I want to say thank you. It has been one of the greatest privileges of my career to work with you and to witness your unwavering dedication to this great company. I know how much you love Williams and I know how much that you and Shelley have sacrificed for the company and know that we will strive every day to match your passion for Williams and we will always work to make you proud. I hope that you know how much you mean to us and I'm glad that you will still be close by in your role as Executive Chair. And now we will open up the call for questions.

[Operator Instructions]. Our first question comes from the line of Praneeth Satish of Wells Fargo.

First, let me offer my congratulations to both Alan and Chad. And Chad, you have some big shoes to fill. Alan, I think you mentioned during your prepared remarks that Williams has ordered equipment for two more behind the meter power projects, if I heard you correctly. Can you help us just understand if the size and returns for these potential projects are going to be similar to what we saw with Socrates? Or do you think that the returns could be even better to the extent you're able to leverage your own existing infrastructure? And separately, given that you've already ordered the equipment, should we expect FID in the coming months?

Yes, Praneeth. I'm going to have Chad take that one. He's been right in the middle of that. So Chad will take.

Sure. Yes. We do expect these projects to reach full commercialization throughout the remainder of the year. And we also expect these projects to be contracted very similarly to Socrates and have likewise really attractive returns. I think we'll hold to see if they're materially different than the projects we have. But I think generally scope and scale will be similar, maybe a bit smaller as we get more efficient in how we design these solutions. But for the most part, we'll look similar to Socrates.

Got it. And then maybe if you could elaborate on the strategic rationale for the Cogentrix investment. Beyond, I guess, market intelligence, do you anticipate this evolving into a platform for additional power generation investments? What's your appetite for increasing your ownership stake beyond the 10% or just making more investments into IPPs?

Yes. I'll take that one. I think people should realize that there is a lot of change afoot, particularly in the Northeast on the power market and the way that business is contracted. It's becoming very evident that the short-term power auction markets don't provide for those merchant power plants taking out long-term firm capacity. And that's going to have to happen to maintain a reliable grid in those markets. So we are really watching that with a lot of close interest. And this is a great way for us to really be in a position to help on the gas supply side of that. So you really shouldn't see it as an investment into the merchant power generation space as a strategy as much as you should see it. We recognize there's a lot of change that's going to happen in terms of the gas supply into that business, particularly in the Northeast. And we want to be front and center on what that's going to look like. And then finally, I would just say really excited to be working with the Quantum Energy Group. Great partner in a lot of areas, and we really like working with them. And so this is a great opportunity for us to expand that relationship. So it's not quite what people might think it is in terms of us thinking about going into the merchant power business. And I appreciate that that coupled along with going into the serving the data centers, people might get that impression, but that's not at all what our strategy is.

Our next question comes from the line of Jeremy Tonet of JPMorgan.

Yes, congratulations, both Allen and Chad. Congrats on that. And maybe just moving into behind the meter as well with the question here, just wondering, I guess, Williams has provided a solution that I think a number of others in the market have looked to pursue but have not been able to deliver, you know, energy companies or IPPs or other, I guess, what has enabled Williams to do this, versus others? What do you see as your competitive advantage here? How big is this opportunity set for Williams as you see it?

Yes, thanks, Jeremy. This is Chad. I mean, first thing I'd say is a huge shout out to the Williams team. We are very focused on collaborating across the organization in driving, you know, growth within our core businesses. And frankly, you know, I credit a lot of our success on the Socrates Project and Empower Innovation to the team and to that collaboration. And then beyond that, it's just making sure we can put together solutions for customers and bring all of the different capabilities of the organization. We can provide gas supply solutions. We understand pipeline capacity, our own, and even third-party pipelines through our sequent market intelligence. We obviously build a lot of pipeline and turbine facilities. And so bringing all the different pieces together into a solution that is, ready-made for a customer, I think, has been truly a differentiator. And again, credit to the team for being able to pull all that together. And then I would just mention that, I think John was mentioning earlier, I mean, we like this opportunity. We think it will layer in nicely over time. I know that, there's a lot coming at us really fast. The team is working on making sure that this complements our investment strategy, and we've got a nice layering in of projects over time. And so I would think of these next two projects that we're working to commercialize, in addition to other projects, as layering in over the next few years and through the end of the decade. Yes, and I would just add, Jeremy, one of the things that I think we are really good at as a company is developing high-trust relationships. And that reputation helps us, obviously, when we go into situations like this. But importantly, we also work to have that on the supplier side as well. And so us having a long-term relationship with Solar in a way that provides us a leg up on being able to get the equipment there is very valuable. So those relationships pay off in moments like this, instead of just beating down vendors to the very last nickel all the time. But really trying to work with them to improve their product and service in a high-trust relationship really pays off dividends in times like these. And so I think you see that coming through as well.

Got it. That's helpful there. Thanks. And just kind of shifting towards the gas markets, maybe a bit more color, in addition to what you said before. And thinking about your conversations with producer customers here, there's a lot of focus on oil-directed drilling, but there's impacts on the gas market as well. And just wondering if you could comment a bit more on how you see the gas market unfolding here, given these dynamics, and what it means for your systems if the call on gas continues and there's less associated gas or otherwise. Just how you see this playing out and what are the impacts for Williams?

Yes. We certainly are seeing that call on gas right now. And a lot of response in the dry gas basins for sure. And obviously, if oil continues to soften, that we'll continue to see rigs rotate into the gas areas, I think. So, it's going to be a little choppy because we're going to see big increases on the demand side, and we're going to see supply responses that are not, you know, always directly in line with the market demand. So, I think it's going to be kind of choppy on the way up, if you will, on the demand side. But we certainly are seeing responses on our system. Saw that growth during the first quarter and certainly seeing that growth on our systems here in April and in the second quarter. So, we are extremely well positioned for that call, and we're certainly seeing it come through our systems right now. So that's been a strategic decision for a long time to really focus on the gas-directed basins because we think that they'll have to be called on in a growing gas demand. And I would just say that's come a little stronger than we've even expected at this point. So, very well positioned on that take, and we certainly are seeing a big call on the gas supply in those basins.

Our next question comes from the line of Spiro Dounis of Citi. Your line is now open.

Congrats, Alan, Chad, and Larry. Maybe just to start with the project backlog as it relates to capital spending. Sounds like a lot of healthy backlog materializing here, and we've already sort of seen that impact on 2025. But just given sort of constantly sort of percolating list of items coming in, curious how you're thinking about elevated CapEx going forward. Is this going to be a feature over the next few years, given all these projects starting to manifest themselves? And are there any self-imposed limits in any given year, and how much you want to spend?

Yes. Thanks for the question, Spiro. I mean, I think as we have discussed in the past in our long-range forecasting exercise we do every year, we've just continuously seen this 2025-2026 timeframe as being a period of time where the company was going to have really more and more balance sheet capacity. Again, reminding folks that our targeted leverage range is 3.5x to 4x. And even with this first project, our guidance this year is for 3.65x, so still very comfortably within that range. And as we've talked about before, as we look forward into the future, we saw sort of an ever-increasing capacity coming on the balance sheet, even with, I think, what are ultimately probably going to be pretty conservative cash tax assumptions going forward. We still saw that sort of ever-increasing level of balance sheet capacity. And so, going back over a year ago or so, a lot of the focus has been what's going to come along to make a really good use of that balance sheet capacity. And so, what we've seen, I think, over the last 12 months is our commercial teams are very busy, and maybe as busy as I've ever seen them. And then, of course, we've had the power innovation stuff come along as well. And so, really, it's very exciting. We're seeing a timeframe where we have enormous opportunities and business coming along at a time when we have really strong balance sheet capacity. And I think what's really exciting is the stuff that's coming in has a very strong return profile, great credit, long-term terms. And so, we really like the capital that's coming at us organically. And I think we have more than enough capacity to fund what's in front of us. And we've stress-tested that. And, of course, we'll be very disciplined on the returns and the credits and looking for the long-term contracts. But we think we've got plenty of capacity and very excited about the projects we're seeing coming from our commercial teams.

Yes. I would just add to that that it's very different. The short cycle that we're seeing for the power innovation projects are such a quick return on the capital. Five times EBITDA multiple on a project that takes 18 months to have online is very different than one that takes 36 months to have online. So, really strong returns from these projects that'll continue to expand the balance sheet in our capacity, as John said. So, I would say great problems to have, but so far, we feel like we have plenty of capacity of taking on what's out there and very glad that we've held our return threshold so high against our projects because it is giving us that kind of capacity that we wouldn't otherwise have if we'd been investing at lower return projects.

Got it. Helpful. Thanks, John. Now, second question, maybe just to quickly go back to the leadership change. You both addressed this to some degree in your remarks, but maybe just to put a finer point on it. Alan, long, successful tenor at Williams. Curious why now is the right time? And Chad, it sounds like not a lot will change going forward, but just curious what you think your mandate is going forward.

Yes, Spiro. Thanks for the question. Well, I would just say it's such a great time. I think our culture as a company is in great shape. The business is really running well right now, very excited about the talent in both Chad and the team that's coming up in the organization. So, I think the mix is just right and I think it's a great time to bring Chad's energy and passion to bear across all these opportunities. So, this is not necessarily anything other than just a very objective viewpoint from a shareholder perspective about what I think is the right time for making the change. And so, I couldn't be more excited about this as a personal shareholder myself. And so, I do think it's the right time and we've just got a great future and a lot of passion and energy in Chad and I think he's going to do a fantastic job of taking the organization to the next level.

Yes. And Alan, as far as mandates go, I still remember eight years ago when I joined the company, one of the first things Alan asked me to do is to facilitate our strategy process. And we built a process where we work very collaboratively as a team across the organization and with our board of directors. And when you ask about a mandate, I would expect more of the same. This has been a strategy that we've been very committed to. We will continue to stay committed to stable, predictable growth, protecting the balance sheet. We do explore adjacent opportunities, but with the clear-eyed focus on driving growth and business back to our core business. You know, Alan mentioned that Cogentrix is a great example. We're not taking a large turn into a different strategic area. We're going to take a very small position that will allow us to be better positioned to drive business back to our core business because that's a strong fundamental tailwind that we see in the natural gas value chain. So, I would expect that you would continue to see more of the same. This team has been very ingrained in our strategy process. And the great news is, Alan isn't going far. He's going to be our executive chair, and we'll continue to work through that same strategy process that we have been now for great years.

Great. I'll leave it there. Alan, don't be a stranger.

Our next question comes from the line of Theresa Chen of Barclays. Your line is now open.

Good morning. I'd like to also offer my congratulations to Alan for your announcement, and congratulations as well to Chad and Larry and your new roles. First, following the FID of Transco's Power Express, I'd like to know, what is the capacity at this point across Transco for additional efficient high-returning projects using existing right-of-ways to mitigate potential permitting delays? How much more capacity is there to bring on projects like Power Express? And what are the next areas of growth and development on Transco?

Larry, do you want to take that?

Yes, I'll take that one. Yes, it's great question. Obviously, we're excited to be able to deliver another great project like Power Express, which is really building along our footprint across Transco with easy brownfield expansions that provide us opportunity to kind of streamline through the permitting process. I think as the dynamics and the demand continue to grow across the footprint on Transco, we're finding new opportunities left and right. As we're seeing the growth right now in Virginia that's driving Power Express, we're seeing continued growth throughout the southeast markets, as well as along the Gulf as we see rapid growth in the LNG space. And so, those dynamics change quite a bit, especially as we see new supply coming into different parts of the system. And so, I think we'll continue to find these opportunities to meet our customers' needs, and I think it's going to depend upon where the demand materializes and the supply that we start targeting to bring into the system.

And on the deepwater side of things, with contribution visibly stepping up in the second half, what are you assuming at this point for annual contribution for this group of projects within guidance relative to the $300 million exit?

John, I'm not sure we've disclosed that.

Yes, I don't think we really have a deepwater guidance number, but I would say there's been some timing shifts on some of these projects over the last few years since we had first talked about the overall contribution of these projects in that $300 million number. But ultimately, by the time you get to 2026, you should be more at a run rate level relative to this group of projects.

Yes. So, just to be clear on that, the $300 million as an addition to these projects looks like we'll probably hit that stride towards the end of this year at a run rate level. And so, that remains. I would say that some of these are looking even better. I know Chevron is really excited about Ballymore and how those wells are doing right now. And so, I'm really encouraged to see that. Whale is doing really well, even though it had a very slow start at the beginning of the year. But right now, it is really getting on stride. So, we may be on the higher end of that by the end of the year. But obviously, there's a few things left to happen on Salamanca and Shenandoah that are hard to predict at this point. But so far, looking really good and very encouraged to hear Chevron's comments on what their cost structure is looking like around developing more and more reserves around the existing infrastructure. Because obviously, that'll just continue to feed our downstream pipeline. So, great times in the deep water, both in the current, but I think looking forward, the producers have really learned to take their cost down out there. And that's all that's going to benefit us directly out there.

Our next question comes from the line of Gabriel Moreen of Mizuho.

My congratulations to Alan and Chad as well. May I wanted to start out sort of at a different angle on the Socrates and Data Center projects. Can you talk about risk management overall for these projects, given long-term fixed price contracts on the power side? To what extent, you know, you're comfortable with locking in gas and gas costs, I guess, for that long? What happens in the event of force majeure? And also, to what extent Sequent may or may not be involved in helping you manage all this risk?

Yes, thanks, Gabriel. Good questions. First of all, what I'd say is when we talk about a fixed price purchase agreement, it's a fixed price effectively return on our capital and a pass through for the gas that we'll be sourcing for the customer. So, we are not exposed to commodity price. And Sequent will be helping to source and deliver gas on behalf of our customer, but we aren't taking commodity price exposure. On things like force majeure, I would just say that, Alan said it. We are, and the team is building a very high trust relationship with these counterparties. I mean, this is some of the best credit out there from a customer opportunity perspective. And the customer has been with us in lockstep, making sure that we can go out and invest in these projects in a bit of a new arena, albeit playing to our core strengths and capabilities and things we've done before. But we have very high degree of protection from a contracting perspective. And so, I think the team's done a great job mitigating the risk and capturing very attractive returns. And so, I don't see any of the risk issues that are problematic for us. In fact, I would say we've mitigated risk on these projects beyond what we could even see on some of our core transmission projects.

Thanks, Chad. And then maybe if I can ask a question kind of on gas storage, just broadly what you're seeing right now, where some of the maybe potential expansions in your backlog may lie. Just looking at an update there.

Yes. We've certainly announced our Pine Prairie expansion and that we've seen significant interest in the market on Pine Prairie and that Gulf Coast area. We see this new wave of LNG and potentially even additional LNG FIDs that may not have been in a lot of forecast models. We're going to continue to see and we're seeing a lot of interest and frankly need for Gulf Coast storage. And so, Pine Prairie is underway. That's a 10 BCF storage expansion. But we expect to continue to see very strong recontracting across the board on our Gulf Coast storage assets. And we don't want to get too far ahead of making sure we lock down Pine Prairie, but I would expect additional expansions that we'll be working on, in particular, along the Gulf Coast.

Our next question comes from the line of Jean Ann Salisbury of BofA.

Hi. Congrats to everyone and good morning. Can you share a little more color on what the Transco Power Express project does? Is it taking that 950 MMCFD on Transco north from Station 165 up to Northern Virginia? And I guess, does it rely on Mountain Valley Pipeline expansion going forward in order to proceed?

Yeah, I can take this. This is Larry. Great question. It is a 950 expansion, primarily sourcing from Station 165 going north. It is not dependent upon Mountain Valley expansion. Mountain Valley Pipeline expansion at this point. And it's really scalable, as Alan mentioned earlier. I think that's a great thing about the ability to be able to move volumes through the Transco system. And so, right now, it's primarily charged to be that north flow capacity.

Great. That's very clear. Thank you. And then, as a follow-up, can you just update us on if you are pursuing Constitution? I think that, relatedly, there's an open season on Millennium Pipeline that looks much like Constitution. So, if that goes forward, would it replace the need for Constitution? Thank you.

Yes. I would just say the Constitution really has a direct connection into those supplies, or that project would. So, that needs to happen one way or the other. Certainly, an opportunity, I think, for pipelines to work together out there, to piece together solutions to serve those markets. So, we'll see. We certainly are working that project. Lots of hurdles to overcome there. And, as you point out, really, it does require a combination of pipeline solutions to get all the way into the end markets up there. So, we may see that. But, certainly, working that, also working NESE, and excited about NESE. And, NESE's a lot easier to pull the trigger on, frankly, just a lot less complex and highly dependent on the state of New York and the governor there deciding that they need low-cost, low-emission energy into those markets. So, we'll see what happens on that.

Great. Thanks a lot. And, congrats again.

I don't think that's too much to do to mention yet on the Constitution. We're continuing to work on it.

Our next question comes from the line of John Mackay of Goldman Sachs.

Congrats to everyone from me, as well. I wanted to start on permitting reform. We've seen some Army Corps announcements on kind of fast tracking there under the, I guess, National Emergency Authorization. Just curious what your view is on momentum in Washington, whether we could think about some of the project timelines improving from here. Thanks.

Yes. I would just say we're encouraged. We know both the administration is working hard to clear any barriers that exist. The FERC, as well, has been really working hard. And, I think the FERC is really a critical component for us. But, they continue to work hard to clear the deck of whatever obstacles they can control. But, none of that really changes the fact of the permitting process being very exposed to litigation and to obstructive environmentalists throwing wrenches in projects and filing suits that tie the projects up. So, that's the piece that's the judicial reform in the legislative process needs to be fixed. And, we're certainly going to work on that. So, we're encouraged. It's nice to see some people that are actually think their job is to help get infrastructure built as opposed to obstruct it. And so, we're encouraged by that. But, it is going to take, ultimately, some legislative reform to be more permanent. Lane, do you have anything to add to that?

No. I agree. I think there's a good momentum in DC to get that reform. But, it's ultimately going to be required.

I appreciate that. Thank you. And, maybe just going to the power projects, should we think of Socrates and kind of whatever's coming next? Are your customers thinking about that as a effectively permanent power solution? Or, is this kind of a phase one with some of these smaller turbines and then, eventually, you'd look to stand up something a little larger and maybe more permanent?

Yes. Thanks, John. This is Chad. For these projects, in particular, generally, the customer is viewing them as a permanent solution. We will have the ability to, if it makes sense for us and for the customer, to make a grid connection and to optimize the use of the equipment. We will have that capability. But, I do think it's important to note, we've talked about, just as an example, on the first project, we do have a 10-year contract with an option for extension. But, the customer has partnered with us on 15 years of pipeline capacity to serve this facility. And so, we view these as making sure that we can provide grid level of reliability but with certainty and control for the customer to get online quickly and continue to operate these facilities for the long term. Yes. One of the things I think is missed in this whole discussion on this topic is that one of the things that kind of attracted us to these solutions in the first place is we were seeing how much money was being invested in diesel-fired backup generation for the full capacity of the facilities. That's an enormous expense on the one hand, and it's also a tremendous amount of emissions, even if it's only running a couple of days. And so, we do see this ultimately as a great -- but that's acknowledging how much money was being invested on standby puts these facilities -- kind of the worst-case condition on this would be this being purchased at its original construction cost and standby generation. So, we think this is a very elegant solution versus all the money that's been spent on diesel-fired generation is to have gas-fired backup, ultimately, at these facilities. So, that would kind of be a worst-case scenario. Our returns don't depend on that, actually, to be clear, but that would be a huge home run if that was the outcome.

Our next question comes from the line of Manav Gupta of UBS.

Sorry about that. My question is on the Haynesville side. You obviously have two attractive projects coming on later in the year, but as you see this LNG growth happening on the Gulf Coast, what will be the demand pull on the Haynesville Basin, and how can Williams benefit from all these projects?

Yes. This is Larry. I'll take that question. Yeah, obviously, we've got the lake project that's coming online here in third quarter this year that's going to create a lot of additional delivery capacity out of the Haynesville. And as we continue to see more and more projects get sanctioned as well as come online over the next few years, we do expect it to be a pretty significant demand pull on the Haynesville supply, and we're working very closely with our customers on potential other projects that could materialize, I think, over the next couple of years. I think right now they're kind of growing back and building up the supply into existing capacity as we saw the pullback from last year, but I think if you look at that outlook over the next several years, we're seeing tremendous pull on the Haynesville several BCF over the next few years just to be able to meet the growing LNG demand. So we anticipate there'll be more projects to come.

Perfect. My quick follow-up is, you have a long-term guidance of 5% to 7% EBITDA growth, but the project lineup is looking very attractive. So I'm just trying to understand for 26 and 27, what could push this more towards like 7% versus 5% or even higher for 26 and 27? What could drive you towards the top end of that guide? Thank you.

Yes. I would just say we've had that 5% to 7% for quite some time and we have been outperforming on that. And the amount of high return projects that are coming at us right now would certainly drive us towards the higher end of that. And so, one of the challenges has been in the coming years, we continue to beat our prior year estimates. So, you know, the percentage raise gets to be tougher and tougher. But I would say right now, given the projects that we have coming at us, I do think that we certainly have the ability to be towards the higher end of that, even acknowledging the law of big numbers. And so, it is a pretty, you know, exciting time to think that you can continue this pace at the scale that we're operating in.

Our next question comes from the line of

Thanks for taking my questions and congrats to the team. Maybe just sticking on the power projects, could you remind us or give a little bit more details on the gas demand for Socrates? How much you expect that project to pull in, whether it's Sequent delivering it or just off of your pipelines?

Yes. It's a fairly modest amount of gas. It's under 100 million cubic feet a day for Socrates and we will be sourcing gas off of two different pipelines in Ohio. We'll be building pipeline interconnections and laterals to connect the Socrates sites. There are two sites connected to those pipeline supplies. And yes, Sequent will be providing the services on behalf of the customer to make sure that we can buy that gas and deliver that gas to the customer.

Got you. That makes sense. And then maybe one on Cogentrix. Should we think of these earnings as more of marketing style earnings, you know, higher in the winter or are there some fixed contracts on the gas side that will have a base earnings for this business?

Yes. I'd say more to come as we spend more time with the Cogentrix team. But for the most part, we do see these earnings as fairly stable. They're going to be reported in our sequent marketing business, but we would expect that the run rate earnings to be fairly stable based on what we've seen from historic performance. But also, you know, we like the fundamentals and the setup over time, you know, as we think we'll continue to see increasing capacity pricing and spark spreads. But again, you know, the focus for us is on a stable, fairly predictable addition to the sequent business, but a vehicle that's really going to position us to understand those markets and we think drive additional core business based on that engagement.

Our next question comes from the line of Keith Stanley of Wolfe Research.

I wanted to ask on the pace of potential data center projects from here. So the website says you could provide a gigawatt of power solutions to data centers by 2027, which would be quite fast. I'm curious if that's tied to supply chain constraints or any other inputs. And then it seems on the call, you were kind of implying more spacing of these projects with the next two through the end of the decade. So just a sense of what's realistic as far as timing and stringing together more of these projects.

Yes, thanks. This is Chad again. First, I'd say there is certainly going to be some tempering of pace based on supply chain, but we've done a really good job. The team's done a great job of getting out and securing slots within the vendor community to make sure that we can deliver projects. You know, putting exact numbers on is tough, but in that gigawatt, range by the end of 26, I think is reasonable. I think layering by 27 is certainly reasonable. I think layering in that kind of scale is absolutely doable. I will say we're also working with companies that have purchased or have space from a turbine and power generation perspective. We are on these first projects doing the entire project ourselves, but our goal is to bring whatever capabilities we can to put solutions together for customers. So I do think we've got the ability to work with others that may have equipment deliveries and find projects to put to work. But again, our goal is to layer this in in a way that complements the balance sheet capacity, that doesn't stress the credit metrics, and we'll layer in projects year-over-year, I think likely through the end of the decade.

And sorry, to clarify on that, the one gigawatt by the end of 2027 is to have those projects online by the end of 27 or to FID them by the end of 27?

No, those would be online.

Okay, great. Thanks for that. Second question I wanted to ask on Northwest Pipeline, there's a proposed larger project out there to add looping and compression and bring gas from Wyoming to the Pacific Northwest. Can you talk to the potential size of that investment for that project, timing, and how likely it is to move forward?

Well, I would just say, if you're seeing it in our materials, obviously there's pretty good likelihood it'll be moving forward because it's come through a pretty rigorous test to get to that point. But there is a number of parties to contract with on that project, and effectively, some of those projects are effectively providing power generation in Idaho, a lot of it is providing power generation in Idaho for the benefit of Oregon and Washington because they don't want to put emissions in their own state. But so that's just providing an opportunity for Idaho and for some of the power generation there. So we'll see how that goes. I will say we were very surprised over the last four or five months how many new projects have started to emerge out west as they realize how much they need power in those markets as well, so both on Mountain West in the Salt Lake area and then up through Idaho and even along the coastline. So more to come on that, but I would say that's probably been one of my bigger surprises over the last six months in terms of all the facets of growth we have is how much that's picking up in that area. And people are starting to realize that they are going to need reliable power generation in those markets. So, you know, I think one thing, though, that is something to keep your eye on is a lot of big coal plants in those markets. And with the effort to maintain coal plants, which I think given the power demand issues we have is not a terrible idea, that we may see some of that coal remain online out there. So that's to be determined, but that is a potential shift in those markets out there. But the Salt Lake area and the Idaho area are getting pretty hot in terms of power demands for data centers in those markets, and we absolutely are going to be a part of providing those solutions. Thank you.

Thank you. That concludes the Q&A portion of our call. I will now turn it over to President and CEO, Alan Armstrong for closing remarks.

Okay, great. Well, thanks, everyone. Certainly appreciate your time today. I'm just going to wrap up by saying that I have seen firsthand what this company can accomplish, and I'm confident our best chapters are still ahead of us as demand for natural gas continues to accelerate and the value of our critical energy infrastructure is realized. You should be confident, as I certainly am, that the company is in the hands of trusted and capable leaders who have a passion for Williams and its vision to be the very best energy infrastructure company in the U.S. And so, with that, I just want to say a final thank you to investors and the analysts that have followed us for so many years and appreciate your confidence in the company. Thank you.