Good morning, and welcome to the Outbrain Inc. Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2022 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. Now I'd like to turn the call over to your Outbrain management team..

Good morning, and thank you for joining us on this conference call to discuss Outbrain's fourth quarter and fiscal year-end 2022 results. Joining me on the call today, we have Outbrain's Co-Founder and Co-CEO, Yaron Galai; Co-CEO, David Kostman; and CFO, Jason Kiviat.

During this conference call, management will make forward-looking statements based on current expectations and assumptions. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and that may cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements.

These risk factors are discussed in detail in our Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2021. The as updated in our Form 10-Q and other reports and in subsequent reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the call's original date, and we do not undertake any duty to update any such statements. Today's presentation also includes references to non-GAAP financial measures.

You should refer to the information contained in the company's fourth quarter earnings release for definitional information and reconciliations of non-GAAP measures to the comparable GAAP financial measures. Our earnings release can be found on our IR website, investors.outbrain.com, under News and Events.

With that, let me turn the call over to David..

Increased automation, and improved CPA by helping advertisers adopt the right automated optimization strategy.

As a reminder, we've been implementing things like the ability to set target CPA, cost per acquisition, drive for maximum conversion and allow for full automation of the CPC billing for a while, and we see continuous improvement in the performance for our advertisers.

We believe that the focus we have on this direction gives us a significant competitive advantage. As a result, in the quarter, we saw double-digit increase in advertisers choosing our fully automated CBS mode, shipping from the semi-automatic mode. And currently, we have overall conversion bid strategy adoption of 70% from our advertisers.

In '22, we worked with a record number of advertisers, which includes a diversified demand mix across marketable types, vertical ad formats and growth. The direct relationships we have with these advertisers is critical in times of economic uncertainty as we work closely to understand client goals and optimize their campaigns accordingly.

However, needless to say, 2022 was a tough year primarily from advertiser softness in pricing and reduction of campaign budgets. The average prices that we've seen in our marketplace have declined by double-digit percentages versus 2021. And as of the end of the year are still approximately 10% below even 2019 levels.

Therefore, throughout the year, we are also acutely aware of the need to drive efficiency and act in a disciplined way. The same way we acted in 2020 and 2021 when despite the strong growth, we managed our expenses conservatively and grew our team carefully.

Similarly, as soon as we noticed, the telltale signs of headwinds in Q1 2022, we moved quickly to cut costs and head count.

We structured some of our teams, including following our big intelligence and demented teams into our core business and reduced our originally planned operating expenses for 2022 by more than $50 million, resulting in positive free cash flow in Q4.

We are continuously looking to improve our cost structure in 2023 and are accelerating our move of positions to lower-cost geographies, implementing optimization in our serving infrastructure, and we initiated several internal automation projects across our operations.

As to the outlook for 2023, Jason will provide our guidance, but I want to highlight a few of the key assumptions. We assume no meaningful improvement in the macro environment.

We believe that our consistent focus on the core that led to our record market share gains and record page using Q4 combined with the investments made in video, full funnel offering for advertisers and optimizations in our bidding algorithms and the continuing focus on efficiency will support the growth profitability and free cash flow we expect in 2023 and beyond.

I'll now hand it over to Yaron..

E-commerce subscriptions, newsletters, affiliates, et cetera, via technologies. We have now added three premium publishers in Spain, Germany and Japan. We've deployed Keystone technology on their site. Switching gears. AI has been a recent point of interest for many, thanks to the advances in technologies like ChatGPT.

Before I outline some of the ways we've built AI into the operating stack over the years, let's start with a word of caution it's almost guaranteed that all companies in the near future will be hiking themselves a huge manufacturers of AI. I believe the AI story is a bit more new one.

The AI revolution is at the same time, real, overhyped, not entirely new and partially commoditized. It's real in that there are fascinating breakthroughs happening, which will allow for massive ad creation, smarter prediction algorithms, cost reductions and more.

We've also overhyped and it's being presented as an immediate magical solution that will replace all units on all tasks. I think we'll find that the leap from a cool consumer user experience to industrial grade solutions will require more R&D, more time and more human support for that last mile of deliverables.

It's not entirely new and that many of these technologies have been doubling up in the past 5 years or so. I'll speak shortly about how we've built AI into our core prediction algorithms starting in 2019. Lastly, much of AI is likely going to be quickly commoditized.

For example, everyone will likely integrate chat GPT like capabilities into their ad creative generation, which means it will be a commodity for everyone. All that said, Outbrain has been the leader in AI in the recommendation space for several years. And here are a few ways we leverage AI and machine learning, or ML, in our business.

First, we've been using AI technology for ad creative suggestion since 2021. This has been helping us and our advertisers in two ways. First way is creating a large number of ad variations to quickly find those that are best performing. Second way is reducing the cost of human labor needed for expensive ad creative.

Close to 10% of new marketers in our platform are now using the AI creative generator and their Outbrain campaigns. We are now lab testing the use of chat for ad creative and expect to make that available to our advertisers soon as an enhancement to our existing AI technology.

Second, at the core of our service, we use machine learning, or ML, to predict user interest and propensity to convert. These are technologies we've built and deployed starting in 2019. And our systems make around 1 billion such predictions every second, making it one of the biggest AI, ML systems in our space.

Third, more recently, we started extending these AI-based prediction algorithms into their programmatic space.

This means that advertisers looking to buy operating through programmatic channels such as DSPs and SSDs can now benefit from the ability to target users who we predict will have high propensity to engage with the advertiser and convert for them.

We believe this will be specifically interesting for enterprise brands who are looking to more smartly advertise to those users who are more likely to pay attention to them.

These specialized technologies are largely homegrown by Outbrain's R&D team, and we've open sourced components that enable us to keep evolving our AI and ML capabilities in a cost-efficient way. One of the biggest long-term levers in our business is the continuous improvement of our algorithms and the data set our algorithms learn from.

I'll start with the data that feeds our algorithms. The more data points we have, the better our CTR predictions and the yield potential become. In 2021, we processed an average of 4.6 billion data points per minute. In 2022, we've grown that approximately 50% year-over-year to about 7 billion data points per minute.

When we pursue supply partnerships, like the ones we mentioned earlier, it's not only the immediate financial value that we consider, but also the value of the data we obtained that we use to improve our AI algorithms.

On the algorithmic side, last year, our R&D team released into production several algorithms breakthroughs, including the AI technologies I just mentioned, which, according to our internal AB testing, has improved our CTR and resulting RPM yield potential by approximately 9.5%.

While these improvements are not yet appeared in the results we reported due to the unique macro challenges, we expect them to deliver value when advertising demand springs back from the macro slot. Now on to Jason Kiviat, our CFO, to discuss the financials..

Scaling our new supply; growing advertiser spend and improving yields through product and algorithm innovation; expanding the deployment of our video and full site offering; and growing our relationships with existing and attracting new publishers and nonpublished platforms.

As we assume a flat macro environment, our assumed growth over the course of the year is driven by our execution of these investment areas, contributing more meaningfully in the second half of the year. Our guidance also assumes that expenses are roughly flat to where they have been for the past year or so.

We plan to achieve this through operating our core more efficiently and strict prioritization of investment areas. However, we will monitor results and the environment closely with a focus on profitability and cash flow generation. Now I'll turn it back to the operator for Q&A..

[Operator Instructions] Our first question is from Ross Sandler with Barclays. Please proceed with your question..

Maybe just starting with the macro, David, maybe you can answer this one and then one for Jason after that. But the guidance you said normal seasonality for 2023. You said growth rates will be positive in 3Q. That all sounds pretty good. You're one of the few companies that's reporting a little bit later than the rest.

So we're in the first stage of easy comps lapping the Ukraine conflict in March.

What are you guys seeing right now across categories and geos as far as the overall environment? And then what does it take to get to that positive growth rate in the back half? Is that just a function of easy comps or an improving environment? And then Jason, can you just talk over the next couple of years, like without giving specifics, what's the path on the Ex-TAC margin -- the GP Ex-TAC margin? And what does it take to get back to the kind of previous cadence or range that, that number is normally in?.

So I'll start. So generally, we've been saying we see stability in the market. So we saw rates of decline that started in end of Q1 into Q2 and then those rates of decline have stabilized, and we assume that that's what we're going to see going into next year. So no major improvement, but relative stability we had.

I think Jason mentioned in second half of December was softer, but then January and February, we are definitely looking okay. We don't see any major differences currently between Europe, which is a big part of our business in the U.S. So generally, the trends are pretty similar.

And when you talk about the second half, I mean, it's driven not just by easier comps, but really by many of our efforts and growth drivers coming more to bear fruit in Q4 and -- in Q3 and Q4. And maybe I'll turn to Jason on that..

Sorry, yes. So I mean the trends we saw really in the course of the year, our biggest -- just as a reminder, our biggest step down to us that we saw were in Q2, and we saw a much more normal seasonality into the second half.

And as David said, December was softer, as we, I think, heard from a lot of our peers as well with relative strength in January and into February. For March, we've got positive indications from the market. And so cautiously, we're expecting a normal, I would call normal CECL uptick in March. So visibility, obviously, remains limited.

But again, our diversity of our advertiser mix and without any reliance on any specific vertical is certainly an asset for us. Just from a verticals perspective, I think you may have asked in Q4, we saw positive signs.

Again, we don't overly rely on any one of these, but positive signs from automotive, travel and retail while finance and entertainment were actually weaker in Q4 than Q3, which is unusual. And political is minimal. We didn't expect much so not very disappointed by that, but that was it.

And then for 2023, I think you started to say this, but we're really in our normal process for forecasting that we've been using for several years, which is expecting -- using the trends that we see into Q1, flat, macro, normal seasonality.

And then -- and to get that growth, it's really coming from yes, lapping and the things we've done really in the last couple of quarters that will start to pay off, I think, really more into the second half of this year just to expand briefly on those. Like I said, we've added a ton of supply and premium supply at that.

And we're traditionally a land-and-expand model is how we view ourselves. That's why we report the net revenue retention and why it's been over 100% historically this notwithstanding.

But we drive that growth on this -- on our existing and our recently won partners through technology, learning the audience, driving out the adjacent, expansion, getting -- really finding out how to best monetize for each partner, which is largely through our technology discovering that over -- and it takes a couple of quarters from our history and what we tend to do.

So I think we'll also grow in our model through, again, adding new partners, and that's both traditional publishers and what we call the platforms or the non-publisher partners, that's the original equipment manufacturers, browsers, minus one screens. That's more than 10% of our revenue at this point.

And I don't expect another year of 16% new growth, but certainly the 7 that we came to kind of see every single time is probably more in the ballpark of what to expect there, though we're not guiding specifically to that. And yes, as you know, we continue to invest in our algorithms and optimization. Yaron mentioned on the call.

We actually saw a really, really big gains in our predictions. We just -- with the supply and demand imbalance, we haven't been able to see it come through our overall results yet, but more coming there and we're, obviously, cautious about how we put it in just based on what we've seen this year.

And then we just say expansion of video and our full funnel offerings of the article placements, different types of other formats and placements, and we'll probably talk more about that in the coming quarters as an area of focus.

And then at the same time, keeping expenses flat, which is what we assume in our guidance for the year, and we plan to -- we've been flat with the kind of look back at the last 1.5 years, by the way, by operating our core more efficiently and really, really focusing on prioritization of how we can invest smartly and repurpose resources to expand our core.

So that's really the story for the year. As far as I think your second question was just about the margin. The things that I mentioned have brought the margin down are actually the same types of things that will bring it up. So just what those are, again, mix. So it's always going to be a factor.

We've got thousands and thousands of partners and they all have different kind of take rates, and it depends where kind of the mix of the revenues generated.

Just to give an example, not talking to any specific publishers, but we're not obsessed with the number, when we're adding a new partner if it's at a lower than average rate, but we still see the dollars are attracted and profitable. There's more to it as well.

I mean, the reach and the audience that it brings us for our advertisers that might convert well for certain text advertisers an open share of wallet is also what we look at as well as the data that it has. I think Yaron already mentioned just how much -- how many more data points we're adding now with adding all these partners.

And we view that as growing the yields across our entire network when we improve our data as well. The other -- that's mix. Demand headwinds really and the supply/demand imbalance is probably the biggest thing, if I had to pick one that's driven it down and macro improvement will certainly be the biggest thing that drives it back up.

But I think there's some things that we can certainly do ourselves to drive it back up through just, again, better yields, better click-through rates, et cetera, to find some leverage there as well.

And then ramping up again on these new partners, we find that it takes several quarters to drive the yields higher and a lot of these deals, that means higher take rates as well. So the things that are down or are the things that [Indiscernible]..

That was the longest answer in conference call. So congratulations..

I wanted to add something, but it was long enough to rely that I think the one thing actually I do want -- I talked in the prepared remarks about the flywheel.

I mean, the wins of premium supply and the investments we are making into mid article video and really driving more share of wallet, increasing our time by getting into awareness and consideration dollars from brands are also important drivers and we will see those, I think, materializing in the second half of the year in a more meaningful way.

We expect that..

Our next question is from Andrew Boone with JMP Securities. Please proceed with your -question..

I wanted to start off just on the competitive environment. Yaron about the importance of just data. And so to that angle, can you talk about what the competitive environment now looks like that the Taboola and Yahoo! deal closed.

How much of an advantage is scale? And does this change the competitive dynamic as you guys speak with publishers and advertisers?.

Andrew, I'll take that. So I think the Yahoo! deal, obviously, is an interesting supply deal that gives scale. But the way we look today, it's a big opportunity for us in the next couple of years. I mean, also it's very distracting. It will take a long time. And we see a big opportunity to take market share on the demand side.

I mean Gemini is shutting down, it gives us an opportunity. Gemini, by the way, had a few third-party large supply partners. We took the largest one, which is the U.S. publisher in the summer. And I think they are also exiting other very, very large third-party supply deals. So we see opportunity there in the demand.

And it's also a focus on -- by the way, I have to admit, I still look at Yahoo! Finance and track all my stocks there. So I love it. And it's still a deal that will take a lot of time to materialize. At the end, it does give more data, but it's also when we look at sort of market segments and where we're focusing on this is a pure native deal.

Maybe it is great, but we're expanding much more into, as I said, into full funnel, other areas of publishers in mid article video consideration awareness. So again, this is very, very native focused. And I think the great financial fee for all, obviously, dilution to shareholders of a competitor, but I think it's a great financial deal for Apollo.

But at the end, I think once it materializes, I think it will be -- again, it's another publisher deal. I mean, it's not more than getting more data from publishers at scale. And I think that they will be able to gain good scale from additional user data. It's not very clear.

I mean how much of the Yahoo! data will be able to use there rather than just first party data fund like that all of us have from publishers. So that's not clear, but definitely deal at scale. I think we've heard some -- from some publishers, some concern about sort of such a large stake of a major publisher in a competitor. So it's balanced.

I think in the next two years for us, we see it as an opportunity. And congratulations to them. I mean that gives them a larger scale longer term on some of the usual data. Generally, you asked about competitive environment. I know we're getting a lot of questions on Ex-TAC margins and all that. So I just maybe want to use that.

I mean it's really not comparable when comparing the Ex-TAC margins. We do hear from sort of the publishers, we want that -- we did large surveys also with a lot of publishers that. When we win, it's because of ad quality, monetization, insights that we provide.

And when you compare the numbers of the Ex-TAC, obviously, the competitor you're referring to has a lot of other things in there. I mean, this connectivity that's accounted and we estimate it could account for a few hundred basis points.

There's other fees and data fees and on an operated side, like [indiscernible] so it's very difficult to compare at this point in terms of when sort of the analysis look the Ex-TAC margin..

And then I wanted to touch back on Keystone.

I'd love to hear more about what publishers are telling you? And then just how do you guys feel about the pipeline for 2023?.

Yaron here. So we formally announced Keystone in the middle of Q4, so it's very recent. And we mentioned at the time that we're doing it with four giant partners in the U.S. and Europe. Now I just mentioned that we're -- we have three new publishers just code on page. And two of those in Europe and one in Japan. So it's also expanding to other countries.

The -- what's important to remember is we launched this into markets that's not very favorable in terms of plan for technologies.

Keystone is a SaaS platform, and these are paid partnerships, but we're using this in the short term, especially in these smart conditions is a product differentiator and a way to establish a stronger moat with those publishers that we work with. That's just more important than the short-term financials.

That said, we mentioned last year, we did about a couple of million dollars in revenue from Keystone, and we expect that to accelerate this year faster or outpace the growth of revenue. But again, it's still small compared to the around $1 billion of our corporate..

Our next question is from Shweta Khajuria with Evercore ISI. Please proceed with your question..

Okay. David, you mentioned that when you were talking about the publisher wins, you mentioned a few things why you? What allowed you to gain share superior ad quality tech and products, et cetera.

Can you provide more color in terms of what exactly is driving share gains in these publisher wins? And then, Jason, how did -- I guess, how should we think about just the seasonality from Q1 to Q2 understood that you expect growth starting Q3.

Could you please help with that?.

So on the competitive win and they were very significant this year. Obviously, we gained significant market share around premium publishers, which is, again, the area we are focused on and it's been a record year of those wins.

And it's driven by a combination of technology product, superior monetization and optimization that we bring customer service. It's really a combination and the vision, I think, people do connect with sort of our long-term vision for the publisher industry.

I think Keystone is an important part of those deals necessarily, but it's a very important factor in terms of the narrative and sort of how we look sort of in the next few years into how we can partner with publishers. These are typically very long-term deals. I mean, some of them actually are beyond 5 years. Most of them are 3 to 5 years.

So we're very excited about those. I think that when we also do these deals, we're trying to also increase our presence into a mid-optical. We have a very nice success with sort of leveraging those to implement AI.

We want to leverage some of the other placements in mid article and other placements to grow our sort of enterprise brand strategy that I talked about. So it's a combination of those in the financial terms matter too. I said we are more disciplined around prepayment and cash. We, obviously, didn't give any equity to get those supply deals.

So overall, we're very comfortable great year. We need to focus in 2023 on growing those, as Jason said, a big driver of what you see is sort of these deals being more and more optimized, driving better yields with some recovery in the ad market. Obviously, that's on referred think spring-loaded supply.

Again, the CPCs are still lower, the [indiscernible] versus 2019. So we had record paid views in Q4. So once [indiscernible] recovers a little bit, then obviously, we continue to improve internally. We don't just hope for market recovery, but algorithmic improvements and others. I think we will see that reflected in the financial results..

Jason, I'll take the second one, right.

So yes, I think like I said, normal seasonality that we expect with layering on some of these growth drivers on top, as you can see Q1 fully feeling the effect of lapping the tough comp and really what happened last year was we saw advertising budgets reset at the beginning of Q2 and then again in each kind of month of Q2.

So it's still dealing with a partial tough comp to easing up over the period to be kind of an easier comp in the Q3, right? And so with that in mind, I would expect directionally, not any hard numbers here, but to go from the implied year-over-year decline that we're giving in our Q1 guidance, which is clearly double digits down to be -- in Q2, probably down single digits mid-to-high single digits down in Q2 and then really scaling again over the second half of the year if that helps with the model..

Our next question is from Ygal Arounian with Citigroup. Please proceed with your question..

I guess, first, I just want to maybe get a little bit more color on some of the things we have talked about. First, on onboarding of new supply. So it sounds like that will normalize over the next couple of quarters.

But anything more we could add about where we are with that and what's left? And same thing on the move of funnel, you're talking about video and on the mid article. Just kind of technically, again, David, you said that that's going to start contributing more over the course of the year.

But where are you in conversations with advertisers and publishers? What needs to get done to get that to those stages?.

I'll take the first part. Thanks, Ygal. The first part on the ramp-up and we're following here a traditional pattern we've seen for a decade in terms of -- and when you ramp up those big purpose and it takes a few months. So it's gradually we see yields improving on those deals, and it's really following the patterns we've seen before.

Again, the challenge is that there is softness in demand and the depth of demand resulting in lower CPCs is definitely not ideal when you're ramping up so much supplier.

We talked about winning more than $100 million of new business that's a lot for a year, but we are confident that they're following our models and following the traditional patterns of ramping up.

And again, the record take views we had in Q4 will yield in better financial performance once we ramp those deals also up, and we see potentially some improvement in CPC.

In terms of the sort of our strategy around getting more -- I mean, we have a big business today with enterprise brands already in many of the European countries, most of our businesses with agencies and brands.

But what we've seen that there's a huge opportunity when these brands are shifting to desire and request more accountability, deal measurement, deal outcomes. That is where we excel.

I mean, we -- our company is based on the ability to predict engagement those brands today are looking for very clear attention metrics, engagement metrics, and we believe we can drive those better than many others and really create a unique selling proposition, which goes back to why we're focused on the premium supply.

I mean, the trends want to be on premium supply. So if you look at in the most of the large geographies, we have controlled market share among the top 5 or the top 10 publishers, which are the names that these advertisers have to be on. So what we need to do, I mean, we're doing certain product improvements around that.

We're getting more share in ahead bidding and mid article, which is very important behind the hundreds.

I mean, we've been doing this, by the way, for a long time, and when we appeared we talked about the acquisition of Zemanta and the bidding technology that we've continuously improved over the years have served us very well, both on our large partner, Microsoft, which we've been working for a long time on this bidding and with them and in hundreds of other properties.

So that is helping us in terms of our ability to be very competitive on mid article. The VI acquisition falls perfectly into that with instream video that is more of an awareness type campaign format that advertisers are looking at. So it's all coming together.

You'll hear more about it in '23 in a bigger way, but we're very excited about that direction. And again, it works within -- we are very focused. I mean, the premium supply, premium quality demand, better user experience, that's where we are in the market..

I think, Dave, I'll stick with Yaron Galai this next one. You mentioned that DOJ and Google obviously, it's been a big topic, especially this earnings from open web advertiser companies.

Just maybe I want to get your expanded thoughts on what that means, what you think about mean for Google and is there more specific to how it impacts operating and the benefits that, that will drive?.

Yaron here. I'll take that one. The Google lawsuit doesn't have any direct impact on us currently, but it's obviously one of the most meaningful things happening to the whole industry [Indiscernible] dominant player in online advertising and compete with everyone us included both on the publisher supply side and the demand side.

The DOJ is, I think, pretty clear wanting to reduce Google's monopolistic hope on online advertising succeed. I'd have to think if that helps all benefit to all players in this space. But I think also as Microsoft has any learning experience, I think also in the interim, while DOJ is looking to break Google's ad business.

I think we might stand to benefit as publishers specifically might be more cautious in giving the majority of their business to someone that's now dealing with anti-churn I think it will really benefit us and others in the space that are deep with users and advertisers and being able to really run faster on product and partnerships in the space..

Our next question is from Laura Martin with Needham and Co. Please proceed with your question..

My first one is on guarantees. I think, Jason, you guys used to give us the percent of the tax with guarantees, and I'm interested in that number as well as when you're signing these new deals, that unprecedented level of supply. What was your -- what percent of those are guarantees? That's my first question..

Sure. So yes, we've shared, I think, the percentage of revenue that's subject to the guarantees, which we said in the past is around 20%, and it still is, by the way, around that 20% level. It hasn't changed meaningfully. On the new deals, not going to specifically talk to any terms on any specific deal, but it has been a combination.

So there have been some of our 16 points of growth this year from adding new. There's been a combination of both guarantee and non-guarantee or just rev share type of deals..

And then, David, early on in your prepared comments, you said that you got $100 million of new business, 2 times more than your loss. So the way I heard those words, it meant that you lost $50 million worth of business.

And I didn't understand whether -- does that mean you lost $50 million to a competitor or just the spending would lower or delayed? Could you clarify that, please?.

So we were talking about the -- again, the wins of market share. So we did win well north of $100 million, and it will be cautious, but it was well north of $100 million of new business. And we did move away from about half of that last year..

And I'm just asking you to expand on that. You moved away from it.

What does that mean to lose?.

Yes. That means that was -- we lost some of it to competitors, some of it to other solutions..

And that's a little higher than normal, right?.

I wouldn't say so. I mean the -- I think the general shift, you've -- seen, I mean, we reported new business of $46 million for Q4. That's much higher than we've had. It's 3% higher than competition. So we feel good about those market share position. Again, especially focusing on the premium, high end of the market, which is where we focused on.

So we're getting those anchor deals done, and we feel that relative -- I mean in market share gains, I think this is a very strong year..

There are no further questions at this time. I'd like to hand the call back over to Yaron Galai any closing comments.

Thanks, operator, and thank you all for joining us today for our 2022 year-end earnings. Before we wrap up, I want to take this opportunity to welcome Nithya Das to the Outbrain Board of Directors. Nithya brings significant industry expertise as a top executive at AppNexus among the pioneers of programmatic advertising and Olo.

We're very excited to have her depth of experience on our Board. Last year was a challenging one for us, given the significant macro headwinds, but whether macro is challenging or accommodating, at Outbrain, we are committed to staying focused on our core and being very disciplined in our priorities and our costs.

We look forward to seeing you on our Q1 earnings call..

This concludes today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation..